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General Astronomy Quiz 5 Flashcards

1
Q

What is light?

A

A wave phenomenon

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2
Q

What is sound?

A

A wave phenomenon

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3
Q

Which of these statements is true?
1) Light and sound can both travel through empty space.
2) Only light can travel through empty space.
3) Only sound can travel through empty space.
4) Neither light nor sound can travel through empty space.

A

2) Only light can travel through empty space

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4
Q

Do both waves carry energy from one location to another?

A

Yes

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5
Q

What do sound waves require?

A

For particles in the air to be compressed parallel to the direction of movement

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6
Q

What do light waves create?

A

Disturbances that are perpendicular to the motion

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7
Q

What is another term for light?

A

Electromagnetic radiation/transmission of electromagnetic energy

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8
Q

What is a wavelength?

A

A measure of the distance between line points on a wave

measured in meters

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9
Q

What is a frequency?

A

the number of waves passing a point in one second

measured in Hertz

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10
Q

What is the equation for speed?

A

f * λ (frequency * wavelength)

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11
Q

For EM radiation, is the speed that light waves travel the same for all forms of light?

A

Yes

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12
Q

What is it called when the speed that light waves travel is the same for all forms of light?

A

The speed of light

given the “c” and c = f * λ

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13
Q

What is the speed of light?

A

th physical speed when light waves pass through a vacuum

all forms of light travel at speed “c” in space

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14
Q

What did Einstein win the Nobel prize for?

A

His work on the photoelectric effect

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15
Q

Can light act as a wave and a particle?

A

Yes

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16
Q

What happens when light interacts with light?

A

It acts like a wave

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17
Q

What happens when light interacts with matter?

A

It acts like a particle

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18
Q

What is a particle of light called?

A

Photon

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19
Q

Do photons have mass?

A

No

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20
Q

Do photons move at the speed of light?

A

Yes, they are light

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21
Q

What do high frequency waves have?

A

Short wavelengths and high energy (gamma rays, Ultraviolet light)

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22
Q

What is the electromagnetic spectrum?

A

The range of all possible wave frequencies and wavelengths

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23
Q

Which of the following is NOT a form of light?
1) Radio waves
2) Microwaves
3) X-rays
4) All of the above are forms of light
5) None of the above is a form of light

A

4) All of the above are forms of light

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24
Q

Since there are only a few forms of light that make it through Earth’s atmosphere, which are they?

A

-Visible Light
-FM Radio waves
-TV

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25
Which are the types of light that we have discussed... ● has the least energy? ● has the shortest wavelength? ● has the lowest frequency? ● travels the slowest?
● has the least energy? - radio waves ● has the shortest wavelength? - x-rays ● has the lowest frequency? - radio waves ● travels the slowest? - none
26
Which of the following would be true about comparing X- rays and radio waves? 1) Radio waves have greater energy and shorter wavelength than X-rays. 2) Radio waves have higher frequency and travel the same speed as X-rays. 3) Radio waves have lower frequency and would travel faster than X-rays. 4) Radio waves have less energy and would travel slower than X-rays. 5) Radio waves have longer wavelength and travel the same speed as X-rays
5) Radio waves have longer wavelength and travel the same speed as X-rays
27
What did Newton's ideas of light being a particle come from?
Using a prism
28
What are spectral curves?
Known as blackbody curves, tells us about a star's temp
29
What are spectral lines?
Absorption lines or emission lines, the dips in the curves, or the dark lines that appear in the rainbows
30
What is heat?
A form of energy associated with the motion of the atoms that make an object
31
What is temperature?
The average speed of atoms in an object or gas. ## Footnote motion is due to heat energy
32
What is absolute zero?
The temperature at which there is no heat energy, all motion stops
33
What is Fahrenheit?
Not used in science -water freezes at 32F -boils at 212F
34
What is Celsius (Centigrade)?
Standard metric scale -Water freezes 0C -Boils at 100C
35
What is Kelvin (Absolute Scale)?
-Water freezes at 273K Boils at 373K
36
What is the temperature of absolute zero?
Absolute Kelvin ## Footnote between -273 C and -460 F
37
Do astronomers use the Kelvin scale?
Yes
38
What is blackbody radiation?
The glow from dense objects with temperatures above absolute zero creating EM
39
What color is produced when a star has a high temp?
Blue
40
If a star has a temperature of 6000K, what does the color look like?
Yellowish-white
41
If a star has a low temp, what color is produced?
Red
42
What is the temperature of the Sun?
5800K
43
A piece of metal is heated to a high temperature. Another piece of metal that is twice as large is heated to a lower temperature. Which appears redder? 1) The cooler piece of metal appears redder. 2) The hotter piece of metal appears redder. 3) Both pieces look the same color. 4) Cannot tell which piece looks redder.
1) The cooler piece of metal appears redder.
44
What is a blackbody curve considered?
A continuous spectrum
45
What is a continuous spectrum?
Hot, high density energy source, rainbow of colors with no gaps
46
What is an emission spectrum?
Hot, low density gas cloud, a few bright lines on a dark background
47
What is an absorption spectrum?
Hot, high density and Cool, low density gas cloud, rainbow with some dark lines missing
48
What does blackbody radiation peak at?
The wavelength based on the temperature of the star
49
Which is produced by the Sun? 1) Continuous spectrum 2) “bright line” Emission spectrum 3) “dark line” Absorption spectrum
3) “dark line” Absorption spectrum
50
What happens to light as it travels through the low density outer layers of a star?
It becomes an absorption spectrum based on the atoms that are there
51
What is a nucleus?
Massive central part of having a positive electric charge, contains the neutrons for stability
52
What are protons?
Positively charged particles
53
What are neutrons?
Like protons, but no electric charge
54
What is an Electron Cloud?
Electrons in "orbit" about the nucleus
55
What are atoms?
The smallest possible sample of a chemical element
56
What does the number of protons determine in an atom's nucleus?
The atom's chemical element
57
What are isotopes?
Two atoms with the same number of protons but different number or neutrons
58
What is an ion?
When electrons are removed or added to a nucleus
59
What is a positive ion?
An atom with too few electrons
60
What is a negative ion?
An atom with too many electrons
61
What is the Bohr model?
an atom as a small, positively charged nucleus surrounded by electrons orbiting in fixed, circular paths called shells
62
How do electrons change energy levels?
By absorbing or emitting photons
63
When a photon is absorbed, it jumps __.
Up
64
When an electron jumps down, a photon is ___.
Emitted
65
What is an excited atom?
An atom with an electron in an upper energy level
66
Where do electrons always stay?
In a ground state
67
Energy is released from atoms in the form of light when electrons 1) move in their orbit around the nucleus. 2) are emitted by the atom. 3) are absorbed by atoms. 4) move from low energy levels to high energy levels. 5) move from high energy levels to low energy levels.
5) move from high energy levels to low energy levels.
68
What is the Doppler Effect?
The shift in the frequency and wavelength of a wave due to relative motion
69
What terms do we use for the DE?
Redshift and blueshift

Exams (25 decks)

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