General Anatomy Questions Flashcards
3 muscles attaching to coracoid process
Short head of biceps tendon, coracobrachialis, pec. minor
What nerve innervates anterior muscle of the arm?
Msc
Think of anterior forearms muscles as 2 and 2 halves of muslces
Biceps brachii, coracobrachialis (as uppper half) and brachialis (as lower half) which originates from coracobrachialis’s location of insertion
What structure is found in the roof of the carpal tunnel?
FCR, R FOR ROOF
Medial pectoral nerve, M for more, hence it innervates
Both pec. maj. & min.
Lateral pectoral nerve, L for less, hence it innervates
Pec. maj ONLY
What mnemonic for superficial layer of anterior muscles of forearm
PFPF, Pronator teres, FCR, Palmaris longus, FCU
Anterior forearm muscles are all innervated by median nerve except for
FCU (ulnar nerve), FDP (ulnar nerve supplies medial half)
What’s unique about FDP
Median nerve supplies lateral half, ulnar nerve supplies medial half
Long head of biceps tendon has its origin at the supraglenoid tubercle, for long head of triceps, this means that it would have its origin at
The infraglenoid tubercle as the opposite of biceps is triceps
What forms roof of carpal tunnel? How many tendons and what structures go through the carpal tunnel? What structure attach to carpal tunnel?
Flexor retinaculum forms roof
9 tendons, FDS (x4), FDP (x4), FPL (x1), median nerve, synovial sheaths
Scaphoid & trapezium tubercles (laterally), hook of hamate & pisiform (medially)
Whats interesting about the way FDS inserts
It splits into 4 tendons where each tendon is split into half so that FDP can go in between it. FDS inserts onto middle phalanx and FDP inserts into distal phalanx.
Mnemonic for rotator cuff muscles
Sub Supra Infra Teres
Insertions are lesser tubercle (humerus), sup. greater, mid. greater, inf. greater
Teres major rotates arm ___ so teres minor rotates arm___
Medially/internally, laterally/externally
What action is the biceps brachii known for
Corkscrew, supinate while putting hand on cork and abduct when taking it out
Deep layer of forearm muscles attach distally
Hence FDP and FPL attach to distal phalanx
Which area do you test for axillary nerve?
Regimental badge
What can be used to identify proximal end of the carpal tunnel?
Distal crease of wrist
Anatomical snuffbox
- What goes through it?
- Boundaries?
- Roof?
- Floor?
- Radial artery
- Boundaries: ant (APL & EPB), post (EPL)
- Roof: Cephalic vein, superficial branch of radial nerve
- Floor: scaphoid and trapezium
Motions in each plane
- Sagittal
- Coronal
- Transverse
Sagittal - F/E
Coronal - Sideways
Transverse - Rotation
Describe the area the cubital fossa is located in
Medially: PT
Laterally: brachioradialis
Roof: bicipital aponeurosis
Floor: brachialis
Contents: median cubital vein, cutaneous nerves, brachial artery (ulnar and radial arteries), median and radial nerves - often but not always part of cubital fossa contents as it is in the vicinity of it (laterally).
Muscles attachment of bicipital groove
Laterally: Pec Maj
Medially: T Maj
Floor: Lat Dorsi
Hand interossei muscles are innervated by
Ulnar nerve
Adductor Policis - innervated by?
Ulnar nerve
What movement is a combination of the three planes?
Circumduction
How are cords of brachial plexus named?
According to their relation to axillary artery e.g. Lateral, Posterior, Medial
Their location relative to clavicle
- Roots and trunks
- Divisions
- Cords and terminal branches
Roots and trunks: SUPRA
Divisions: BEHIND
Cords and terminal branches: INFRA
Pes anserinus aka goose foot
Conjoined tendons of three muscles that insert onto the anteromedial (front and inside) surface of the proximal extremity of the tibia. The muscles are the sartorius, gracilis and semitendinosus sometimes referred to as the guy ropes.
Example of Primary Cartilangious Joint
Epiphyses of growing bones
Trabeculae in femur is least dense at ____ hence leading to fractures
Surgical neck
Reverse keystone effect
The sacrum sinks fowards and downwards into the pelvis. Post. lig. tighten and draw iliac bones together. Stability is therefore due to the ligs. (particularly the interosseous sacroiliac ligs.) - the bones (sacrum and ilium) tend to “open” the joint up.
Strongest ligament in the body
Iliofemoral (‘Y’) lig. of Bigelow
When referring to deficiencies in a joint, it means?
Ligaments are thin, not that bones are completely exposed in that area
