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Part 1 Board Review > General Anatomy > Flashcards

General Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Strongest lig. in the ankle

A

Deltoid (med. malleolus –> tarsus)

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2
Q

Most commonly injured lig. in the ankle?

A

Lat. lig. (Lat. malleolus –> tarsus)

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3
Q

Lig. that maintains the longitudinal arch?

A

Spring AKA Plantar Calcaneonavicular

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4
Q

The Unhappy Triad is damage to what structures?

A

Med. meniscus
ACL
MCL

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5
Q

What structures make up the portal triad?

A

Hepatic Artery
Hepatic portal vein
Common bile duct

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6
Q

What connects the ciliary body w/ the crystalline lens of the eye?

A

Zonule of Zinn

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7
Q

How many bones are in the appendicular skeleton? Axial skeleton?

A

126; 80 (206 total)

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8
Q

What nerve controls extension of the thumb? Adduction? Flexion?

A 
Ext = Radial
Add = Ulnar
Flex = Median
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9
Q

M/C fx carpal?

A

Scaphoid

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10
Q

M/C fx subluxated carpal?

A

Lunate

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11
Q

What spinal level is the root of the scapular spine located?

A

T3

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12
Q

If you fx the surgical neck of the humerus, what nerve could you damage?

A

Axillary nerve

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13
Q

What nerve could you damage if you fx the shaft of the humerus?

A

Radial nerve

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14
Q

Lister’s tubercle is a locator for which carpal?

A

Lunate

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15
Q

How many carpals are there?

A

8

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16
Q

What are the borders of the anatomical snuff box?

A

Extensor pollicis longus
Extensor pollicis brevis
Abductor pollicis longus
Scaphoid = floor

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17
Q

What nerve passes through the tunnel of Guyon?

A

Ulnar

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18
Q

What nerve passes through the tarsal tunnel?

A

Medial Plantar Nerve (branch off tibial)

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19
Q

What arteries branch off the Celiac artery (trunk)?

A

L gastric
Splenic
Common hepatic

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20
Q

What arteries branch off the inferior mesenteric artery?

A

L colic
Sigmoid
Sup. rectal

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21
Q

What nerve passes through the lesser sciatic notch?

A

Pudendal nerve

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22
Q

What bears the weight of the body when seated?

A

Ischial Tuberosity

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23
Q

Where do the ilium, ischium, & pubis meet?

A

Acetabulum

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24
Q

What nerve passes by the head of the fibula?

A

Common peroneal nerve

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25
Q

Which chamber of the heart makes up most of the ant. surface of the heart?

A

R Ventricle

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26
Q

Which chamber of the heart makes up most of the pos. surface of the heart?

A

L Atrium

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27
Q

What intercostal space is the apex of the heart located?

A

5th L intercostal space

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28
Q

What are the branches off the arch of the aorta?

A

Brachiocephalic
L Common Carotid
L Subclavian

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29
Q

What arteries come off the brachiocephalic?

A

R Common carotid

R Subclavian

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30
Q

What are the branches off the External Carotid?

A 
Sup. Thyroid (Save)
Ascending pharyngeal (A)
Lingual (Lady)
Facial (Falling)
Occipital (Out of a)
Pos. auricular (Plane
Superficial temporal (Super)
Maxillary (Man)
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31
Q

What are the boundaries of the sup. mediastinum?

A

1st rib
sternal angle
T4-T5 disc

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32
Q

What % of saliva comes from the submandibular gland? parotid gland?

A

60-70%; 20-30%

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33
Q

Type of cells in the stomach that secrete HCL & IF?

A

Parietal AKA oxyntic

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34
Q

Type of cells in the stomach that secrete pepsinogen?

A

Chief AKA zymogenic

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35
Q

Hormone that stimulates hunger?

A

Ghrelin

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36
Q

How long is the duodenum? Jejunum? Ileum?

A

~10 in.; ~8 ft; ~12 ft

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37
Q

What is are the folds in the small intestine called?

A

Plicae Circulare

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38
Q

Epithelial cells in the sm. intestine make what hormone?

A

CCK (Cholecystokinin)

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39
Q

What is responsible for expansion of the rectum & anus?

A

Columns of Morgagni

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40
Q

Largest gland in the entire body?

A

Liver

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41
Q

The L lobe of the liver is divided into what two lobes?

A

Caudate

Quadrate

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42
Q

What causes the gallbladder to secrete bile?

A

Stimulation from CCK

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43
Q

What makes the common bile duct?

A

R & L Hepatic duct

Cystic duct

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44
Q

What are the 4 sinuses?

A

Frontal
Ethmoid
Sphenoid
Maxillary

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45
Q

What marks the division of the trachea into primary bronchi?

46
Q

Type of epithelial tissue that allows for gas exchange. Located in the alveoli & capillaries

A

Simple squamous

47
Q

Type of epithelial tissue that provides protection. Located in digestive tract, skin, etc.

A

Stratified squamous

48
Q

Type of epithelial tissue in small ducts & tubes for secretion & absorption; salivary glands, kidney tubules, pancreatic ducts

49
Q

Type of epithelial tissue that absorbs & secretes mucous & enzymes in the GI Tract

A

Simple Columnar

50
Q

Type of epithelial tissue that absorbs & secretes mucous & enzymes but also “beats” to push along particles. Located in small bronchi & uterine tubes

A

Ciliated columnar

51
Q

Type of epithelial tissue that primarily secretes mucous & is ciliated to push mucous that is located in the respiratory tract

A

Pseudostratified Ciliated Columnar

52
Q

Type of epithelial tissue that specializes in distention. Located in the bladder, part of urethra & uterus

A

Transitional

53
Q

What part of the kidney are the renal pyramids located?

54
Q

What is the pH of semen?

55
Q

What cells make testosterone in a male?

A

Interstitial cells of Leydig

56
Q

What hormone controls spermatogenesis?

57
Q

What lig. anchors the ovaries medially to the uterus?

A

ovarian lig.

58
Q

What lig. anchors the ovaries laterally to the pelvic wall?

A

Suspensory lig.

59
Q

What lig. (strongest) supports the uterine tubes, uterus, & vagina?

A

Broad lig.

60
Q

What is responsible for secreting estrogen in the 1st 1/2 of a woman’s monthly cycle?

A

Corpus Luteum

61
Q

What hormone is secreted by the corpus luteum in the 2nd 1/2 of a woman’s cycle?

A

Progesterone

62
Q

What hormone predominates in pregnancy?

A

Progesterone

63
Q

What hormone causes ovulation?

64
Q

What hormone maintains the corpus luteum?

65
Q

What are the borders of the carotid triangle?

A 
Ant.= Sup. belly omohyoid
Pos. = SCM
Sup = Pos. belly digastric
66
Q

What are the boundaries of the submandibular triangle?

A 
Ant = Ant. belly digastric
Pos = Pos. belly digastric
Sup = Lower border of mandible
67
Q

What are the borders of the triangle of auscultation?

A 
Sup = Trapezius
Inf = Lat. dorsi
Lat = Scapula
Floor = Rhomboid major
68
Q

What are the contents of the quadrangular space?

A

Pos. circumflex humeral art.

Axillary nerve

69
Q

What are the borders of the quadrangular space?

A 
Sup = Teres Minor
Inf = Teres Major
Med = Long head of triceps
Lat = Humerus
70
Q

What are the contents of the triangular space AKA Axillary triangle?

A

Circumflex scapular art.

71
Q

What are the borders of the triangular space AKA axillary triangle?

A 
Sup = Teres minor
Inf = Teres major
Lat = Long head of triceps
72
Q

This is used clinically as a point of tenderness in appendicitis?

A

McBurney’s point

73
Q

What is located in the carpel tunnel?

A

Median nerve

Tendons of flexors of digits

74
Q

What are the contents of the femoral triangle?

A

Femoral nerve & art.
Lat. femoral cutaneous nerve
Femoral canal

75
Q

What are the boundaries of the femoral triangle?

A 
Sup = Inguinal lig.
Med = Adductor longus
Lat = Sartorious
76
Q

This is the location of direct inguinal hernias

A

Hesselbach’s triangle

77
Q

What are the boundaries of Hesselbach’s Triangle?

A 
Lat = Inf. epigastric art.
Med = Rectus abdominis
Inf = Inguinal lig.
78
Q

What is the largest endocrine gland?

79
Q

What produces melatonin?

A

Pineal gland

80
Q

What vessel does the subclavian drain into?

81
Q

What 3 veins drain into the axillary?

A

Basilic
Brachial
Cephalic

82
Q

What major vein drains into the femoral?

A

Great Saphenous

83
Q

What does the small saphenous drain into?

84
Q

What is the longest muscle in the body?

85
Q

What is the shortest muscle in the body?

86
Q

What’s the name of a bone growing inside of a suture?

A

wormian bone

87
Q

What is the nerve/blood supply of the ant. compartment of the thigh?

A

Femoral/Femoral

88
Q

What is the nerve/blood supply of the med. compartment of the thigh?

A 
Obturator nerve (Femoral & Obturator for pectineus)
Obturator artery
89
Q

What is the nerve/blood supply of the pos. compartment of the thigh?

A

Tibial nerve/Deep femoral art.

90
Q

What is the nerve/blood supply of the lat. compartment of the thigh?

A

Sup. gluteal (TFL, Glut med, min)
Inf. gluteal (Glut max)/
Inf. gluteal art.

91
Q

What is the nerve/blood supply of the ant. compartment of the leg?

A

Deep peroneal AKA Ant. tibial nerve/Ant. tibial art.

92
Q

What is the nerve/blood supply of the pos. compartment of the leg?

A

Tibial nerve/Pos. tibial art

93
Q

What is the nerve/blood supply of the lat. compartment of the leg?

A

Superficial peroneal AKA Fibular nerve/Ant. tibial, peroneal arts.

94
Q

Largest & fewest taste buds. Located ant. to the sulcus terminalis

A

Circumvallate

95
Q

Smallest & most numerous taste buds. Not involved w/ taste.

96
Q

Taste buds that are located on the side of the tongue

97
Q

What are the contents of the carotid triangle?

A

Carotid arts.
Internal jugular v.
Vagus

98
Q

What are the contents of the submandibular AKA digastric triangle?

A

Salivary glands
Hypoglossal N.
Myohyoid N.

99
Q

What are the contents of the muscular AKA inf. carotid triangle?

A

Larynx
Trachea
Thyroid

100
Q

What are the contents of the suprahyoid AKA submental triangle?

A

Salivary glands & ducts

101
Q

What are the contents of the occipital triangle?

A

Cervical plexus

Accessory nerve

102
Q

What are the contents of the subclavian AKA supraclavicular AKA omoclavicular triangle?

A 
Brachial Plexus
Subclavian art.
Transverse cervical art.
Suprascapular a. 
Terminal part of external jugular v.
103
Q

What are the 3 unpaired laryngeal cartilages?

A

Cricoid
Epiglottis
Thyroid

104
Q

What are the 3 paired laryngeal cartilages?

A

Arytenoids
Corniculates
Cuneiforms

105
Q

What is responsible for voice production in the larnyx?

106
Q

What is the opening b/w the greater & lesser peritoneal sacs called?

A

Epiploic foramen AKA Foramen of Winslow

107
Q

M/C artery for an MI?

A

Ant. interventricular art. of L coronary AKA L ant. descending art. AKA “widowmaker”

108
Q

Parotid gland is AKA?

A

Stenson’s duct

109
Q

Submandibular gland is AKA?

A

Wharton’s duct

110
Q

Sublingual gland is AKA?

A

Bartholin’s duct

111
Q

Main pancreatic duct is AKA?

A

Wirsungs’ duct

112
Q

Accessory pancreatic duct is AKA?

A

Santorini duct

Part 1 Board Review (7 decks)

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