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OCR A Level Chemistry > General > Flashcards

General Flashcards

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1
Q

Ions to know

A

NO3 –, CO3 2–, SO4 2–, OH–, NH4 +, Zn2+ and Ag+

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2
Q

metal + water

A

metal hydroxide + hydrogen

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3
Q

metal + acid

A

salt + hydrogen

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4
Q

metal hydroxide + acid

A

salt + water

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5
Q

metal carbonate + acid

A

salt + water + carbon dioxide

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6
Q

what is a thermal decomposition reaction?

A

breaking molecules down by heating them

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7
Q

what is a base?

A

a proton acceptor

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8
Q

what is an alkali?

A

a soluble base

releases OH- ions in aqueous solution

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9
Q

why do isotopes have the same chemical properties?

A

because they have the same number of electrons in their outer shell

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10
Q

How do you make a standard solution?

A
  • Dissolve an exact mass of the solute in a solvent.

- Make the solution up to an exact volume.

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11
Q

Uncertainty for a specific instrument reading

A

Uncertainty in a reading for a specific instrument is said to be plus or minus half of the smallest division.

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12
Q

what is a covalent bond?

A

the strong electrostatic attraction between a shared pair of electrons and the nuclei of the bonded atoms

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13
Q

atom economy

A

molar mass of desired products / molar mass of all products

x 100

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14
Q

what is an acid?

A

releases H+ ions in aqueous solution

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15
Q

percentage yield

A 
actual amount (in mol) of product / theoretical amount (in mol) of product
x 100
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16
Q

what is a salt?

A

the product of a reaction in which the H+ ions from the acid are replaced by metal or ammonium ions.

17
Q

first ionisation energy

A

the energy taken to remove 1 mole of electrons for 1 mole of gaseous atoms to produce 1 mole of gaseous 1+ ions

18
Q

what do hydrogen bonds act between?

A

an electronegative atom with a lone pair of electrons e.g. O

a H atom attached to an electronegative atom

19
Q

why is ice less dense than water?

A

H bonds hold lattice apart in an open lattice structure.

So the molecules in ice further apart than in water.

Solid ice is less dense than water and it floats.

OCR A Level Chemistry (38 decks)

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