6.1 - Shapes of molecules and ions Flashcards
1
Q
what is electron pair repulsion theory?
A
explains the shape of molecules.
- electron pairs determine the shape of the molecule.
- the electrons repel one another so they are arranged as far apart as possible.
2
Q
what shape is a methane molecule?
A
tetrahedral, 109.5 degrees
3
Q
what effect do lone pairs have on bond angle?
A
lone pairs repel more strongly than bonding pairs.
bonding angle reduced by 2.5 degrees for each lone pair
4
Q
shape of NH3
A
pyramidal
3 bonded pairs, 1 lone pair
107 degrees
5
Q
shape of water
A
non-linear
2 bonded pairs, 2 lone pairs
104.5 degrees
6
Q
shape of CO2
A
linear
2 bonding regions (4 pairs)
180 degrees
7
Q
shape of SF6
A
octahedral
6 bonding pairs
90 degrees
8
Q
shape of BF3
A
trigonal planar
3 bonding pairs
120 degrees
9
Q
shape of ammonium ion (NH4+)
A
tetrahedral
4 bonding pairs
109.5 degrees
