gene pools

Question 1

what is a gene pool?

Answer 1

sum of all the alleles in a population

Question 2

sources of variation (genetic mutation)

Answer 2

introduces new alleles into the population

ultimate source

Question 3

sources of variation (meiosis)

Answer 3

random fertilisation
Independent assortment
crossing over
recombination
non disjunction

Question 4

sources of variation (epigenetics)

Answer 4

modification of gene expression rather than alteration of the genetic code
e.g pH and temp

Question 5

mechanisms of variation

Answer 5

mutation
sexual reproduction
gene flow
genetic drift (random)
natural selection (suiting environment better than others)

Question 6

gene flow

Answer 6

Transfer of genes between populations

• immigrate (move in)
• emigrate (move out)
• changes allele frequencies due to reproduction

Question 7

Genetic Drift (not natural selection, no favourable traits)

Answer 7

Process of random generational changes in allele proportions

• greater effect in small populations
• occur in small populations or due to catastrophic event

Question 8

founder effect

Answer 8

few individuals more to a new area and become isolated

• may not carry all the alleles present in original population
• less genetic diversity