gender representations

Question 1

femininity - role of media

Answer 1

the role of the media is to portray women in traditional ways such as wives, mothers, consumers or sexual objects

Question 2

tuchman 1978

Answer 2

symbolic annihilation: women are not or under represented in the media

Question 3

fawcett society 2008

Answer 3

30% of main characters from CBBC were women
- 60:40 ratio men to women for speaking parts

Question 4

Ferguson 1983

Answer 4

‘him, home and looking good for him’
‘cult of femininity’ - women are encouraged to judge themselves based on how good a wife or mother they are

Question 5

Mulvey (1975) - male gaze

Answer 5

an analysis into feminine magazines found that they push ideals of male gaze

Question 6

McRobbie (1982)

Answer 6

analysis into women’s magazines
- women’s main goals were based on their value to boys in items such as marriage and romance

Question 7

wolf (1990)

Answer 7

advertising body ideals and consumer culture
cosmeticisation

Question 8

glascock (2001)

Answer 8

portrays strong independent women EG lara croft

Question 9

westwood (1999)

Answer 9

transgressive female roles going beyond gendered expectations

Question 10

Gill (2008)

Answer 10

change from passive to active in advertising, they portray powerful women who are not passive precipitants

Question 11

gauntlett (2008) - change and continuity

Answer 11

shift from 1990s away from traditional gender roles
friends - male and female characteristics accepting more modern characteristics
- trends towards equality have reached a plateau, ratio between men and women hasn’t changed

Question 12

masculinity

Answer 12

more representation of the ‘new man’ or ‘metrosexual man’ where they are expressing emotions
new man: taking roles in the home and family

Question 13

Rutherford

Answer 13

retributive masculinity: re-asserting traditional masculine roles
EG David beck ham

Question 14

Easthorpe (1990)

Answer 14

masculine myth: men are portrayed to be strong, aggressive and violent on the basis of biology
hegemonic masculinity: a main idea that masculine ideas are based on violence and strength

Question 15

children now (1999)

Answer 15

young boys saw male representations as
- shown at work
- focused on girls
- violent and emotionless
- leaders

Question 16

change in masculinity - mort

Answer 16

the meterosexual man: rises in male fashion products and magazines that promote men to be caring and emotive
the new man: getting involved in femininity and ‘feminine’ roles

Question 17

EVALUATION - colliers (1992)

Answer 17

media is contradictory as they still promote traditional portrayals of men