Gender And Sexual Identity Flashcards
What are OAKLEY’S key concepts?
Manipulation
Canalisation
Domestic Activities
Verbal Appellations
What does OAKLEY believe?
That primary socialisation is key to developing gender identity within the family.
What is MANIPULATION (Oakley)?
Encouraging and discouraging certain behaviours regarding gender.
What is CANALISATION (Oakley)?
Directing toy, clothes and play choices
What is VERBAL APPELLATIONS (Oakley)?
Parents using stereotypical characteristics / descriptions
What is DOMESTIC ACTIVITIES (Oakley)?
Expectations around responsibilities
Daughters should be house wives etc.
What are MCROBBIE’S key concepts?
“Cult of femininity” and “bedroom culture”
What does MCROBBIE suggest?
That subcultures are MALE DOMINATED, hence why there isn’t any research into girls
Who did MCROBBIE study?
46 working class girls ages 14-16.
Who had a restricted future
What is NAKUAMARA’S key concept?
“Forum for support”
What did NAKUAMARA find?
That women are significantly stereotyped in the media and that they use the media as a way of seeking help when they face discrimination.
What does BILLINGTON argue?
That the media presents genders in different ways.
Males are dominant.
Femininity is subordinate
What are BILLINGTON’S key concepts?
Femininity is subordinate
Masculinity is dominant
What are MITSOS and BROWN’s key concepts?
“Culture of Masculinity”
“Anti-learning culture”
What do MITSOS and BROWN suggest?
Suggest that teachers label boys as disruptive .
Anti learning culture is reinforced by socialising students into gender roles.