Gender 30marker

Question 1

Browne + Ross

SC

Answer 1

Gender Domains
Childhood beliefs surrounding stereotypes are shaped through early adult interaction with toys, activities and clothes
Building confidence through doing certain tasks within gender domain

1991

Leonard (2006)- single sex schooling eliminates gender differences

Question 2

Kelly

SC link to Browne + Ross

Answer 2

Gendered subject images
-Science teachers male
-Examples with boys
-Monopolise apparatus

Question 3

Mitsos + Browne

Boys underachievement

Answer 3

Globalisation + Moral panic
-Since 1980s significant decline in traditional mens jobs
-Leading to a crisis in masculinity due to many boys believing they have little prospect of getting a job
-Undermines motivation + self esteem
-Further amplified by moral panic of failing boys creating an unemployed underclass

1998

Deindustrialisation of factory jobs not requiring qualifications

Question 4

Sewell

Boys underachievement

Answer 4

Feminisation of education
School has become feminised as they don’t nurture the masuline traits of competitiveness and leadership
-Sees coursework as a major cause in achievement
-Furthermore lack of male role models

Francis (2008)- 2/3 7-8yr olds didnt think teacher gender mattered

Question 5

YOU- GOV

Intro

Answer 5

-Lack of male role models both in and outside of school is a major cause of underachievement, 1.5million female headed lone parent families
-42% said having a male made them work harder

2007

Question 6

Sharpe + McRobbie

Girls Achievement

Answer 6

Changing ambitions
Changes in family + employment show a major shift in the way girls see their future
Amplified by impact of feminism
1974- low aspirations, housewives, success i femininity
1990s-prioritised education and a career

1993-94

Question 7

Boaler

SC

Answer 7

Equal opportunity policies
-Feminist ideas are now a part of mainstream thinking when it comes to policies
-Examples such as GIST and WISE
-Introduction of national curriculum in 1988 ‘removed’ gendered subject choices somewhat

1988

Patriarchy, glass cieling

Question 8

Mitsos + Browne

SC

Answer 8

Gender gap fairly constant from 1975-1989, introduction of GCSEs caused gap to rise sharply with the root cause being coursework

Girls more successful in coursework because they are more concientious and better organised

1998

Exams have a greater influence over achievement not coursework