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BOC Prep > Gen Med > Flashcards

Gen Med Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two main sounds produced by the heart during each heartbeat?

A

The first sound (S1) and the second sound (S2)

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2
Q

Which heart sound is associated with the closing of the atrioventricular valves?

A

The first heart sound (S1)

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3
Q

Which heart sound is associated with the closing of the semilunar valves?

A

The second heart sound (S2)

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4
Q

True or False: The first heart sound (S1) is longer and lower in pitch than the second heart sound (S2).

A

True

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5
Q

What is the term for the brief silence between the first and second heart sounds?

A

Isovolumic relaxation

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6
Q

Fill in the blank: The first heart sound (S1) is also known as the _______ sound.

A

Lub

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7
Q

Fill in the blank: The second heart sound (S2) is also known as the _______ sound.

A

Dub

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8
Q

What is the term for an extra heart sound heard immediately after S2?

A

Third heart sound (S3)

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9
Q

What is the term for a sound sometimes heard after S2, associated with stiffening of the ventricles?

A

Fourth heart sound (S4)

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10
Q

What is the term for the sound of blood hitting the walls of the ventricles and atria during rapid filling?

A

Heart murmur

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11
Q

What is the term for a high-pitched, blowing sound heard over an artery?

A

Bruits

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12
Q

True or False: Heart murmurs are always indicative of a heart abnormality.

A

False

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13
Q

What is the term for a harsh, scraping sound heard over the precordium?

A

Pericardial friction rub

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14
Q

What is the term for the sound produced by turbulent blood flow within the heart?

A

Gallop rhythm

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15
Q

Which heart sound is often associated with heart failure (ventricular gallop)?

A

Third heart sound (S3)

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16
Q

Which heart sound is often associated with hypertension, aortic stenosis, and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?

A

Fourth heart sound (S4)

17
Q

What is the term for a vibrating sensation felt on the chest wall over the heart?

A

Thrill

18
Q

True or False: Heart sounds can be transmitted to other areas of the body through bone conduction.

A

True

19
Q

What is the term for the abnormal sound of blood flowing through a narrowed heart valve?

A

Stenotic murmur

20
Q

What is the term for the abnormal sound of blood flowing backward through a leaky heart valve?

A

Regurgitant murmur

21
Q

What is the term for the sound produced by the collision of blood columns within the heart?

A

Click

22
Q

What is the term for the sound produced by the opening of the semilunar valves?

A

Ejection click

23
Q

What is the term for the sound produced by the opening of the atrioventricular valves?

A

Opening snap

24
Q

True or False: Heart sounds are primarily caused by blood flow within the heart chambers.

A

True

25
Q

Which side of the stethoscope should be placed against the skin, when auscultating heart sounds?

A

The bell

26
Q

Are heart sounds low or high frequency?

A

Low

27
Q

Where would you auscultate to listen to the aortic valve?

A

2nd intercostal space on the R of the sternum

28
Q

Where would you auscultate to listen to the pulmonary valve?

A

2nd intercostal space on the L of the sternum

29
Q

Where would you auscultate to listen to the tricuspid valve?

A

4th intercostal space on the L of the sternum

30
Q

Where would you auscultate to listen to the mitral/bicuspid valve?

A

5th intercostal space on the L of the sternum

31
Q

What are not normal heart sounds?

A

S3 & S4

32
Q

When does S3 (ventricular gallop) occur?

A

At the beginning of diastole (after S2)

33
Q

When does a diastolic murmur occur?

A

Between S1 & S2 when heart is filling

34
Q

When is S4 heard?

A

Abnormal heart sound at the end of systole (after S1)

35
Q

When are the heart sounds heard?

A

When the valves are closing

BOC Prep (16 decks)

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