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Final Term Reviewer > Gelo > Flashcards

Gelo Flashcards

1
Q
  • A branch of linguistic that studies the meaning of words, phrases and sentences.
    Focuses on objective/general meaning rather tha
A

Semantics

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2
Q

HE BASIC, ESSENTIAL COMPONENTS OF MEANING THAT ARE CONVEYED BY THE LITERAL USE OF WORDS.

A

Conceptual meaning

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3
Q

THE IDEA, CONNECTION OF WHAT A SPECIFIC WORD BRINGS TO A PERSON, IT ALSO DEALS WITH THE CONCEPTS WE ADD TO A WORD

A

Associative meaning

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4
Q

Refers to ‘categories’ that allows us to classify the meaning of a word.
We use (+) if the word contains that particular feature and (-) if not.

A

Semantic features

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5
Q

the semantic role of a person or thing who is the doer of an event

A

agent

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6
Q

the entity that is moved by the action and it is also an entity that whose location is being described

A

theme

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7
Q

role of being acted upon by and agent. It is being affected by what happens to it, wherein it is often undergoing some change of state.

A

Patient

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8
Q

also called benefactive. Is is the living entity that benefits from the action of verb.

A

Beneficiary

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9
Q

are the relationships between words in language. It describe the relationships between the anings of words.

A

Lexical relations

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10
Q

refers to the pairing or grouping of words that frequently occur together in a language.

A

Collocation

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11
Q

or also known as “corpora” is a large collection of texts, spoken or written, typically stored as database in a computer

A

Corpus linguistics

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12
Q

a major study of linguistics that defines the hidden meanings of a writer and speaker towards the conjoining effort of linguistic form. It is stated along with its user. Within pragmatics the importance is usually given to a contextual meaning, where every other meaning of given context is referred to speaker as well as writer that wishes to state something

A

Pragmatics

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13
Q

Literal meaning of a word or a sentence. The meaning of a word can be known by looking at the words surrounding it within a sentence. Linguistic Context is considered to be the domain of Phonology, Morphology and Syntax, Linguistic context talks about context that is within the language.

A

Linguistic context

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14
Q

Requires knowledge of the real world. Refers to context that is outside the language.

A

Non-linguistic context

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15
Q

The word Deixis was derived from the Greek word “Deiktikos”meaning “to point something” anything

A

Deixis

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16
Q

is the act in which the listener uses additional information to make sense of what is not explicit in an utterance. B

A

Inference

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17
Q

that anyone or anything can be a referent as long as they will fit the said description from the referring expression.

A

Attributive use

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18
Q

is distinct or different from Attributive use. If attributive use can have any referents, in referential use, the speaker already has a person in mind.

A

Referential use

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19
Q

is just a linguistic part of the environment in which a referring expression is used.

A

Co-text

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20
Q

is perhaps more easily recognized as having a powerful impact on how referring expressions are to be interpreted. Context is the physical environment or the linguistic settings where the referring expression is stated.

A

context

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21
Q

If you put the antecedent anywhere but it’s initial position, which is in the introductory part, it is called

A

Cathapora

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22
Q

s an implicit assumption about the background relating to an utterance. It is something that the speaker assumes to be the case prior to making an utterance.

A

presupposition

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23
Q

is wanting others to like and appreciate you, like self-esteem.

A

positive face

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24
Q

is about protecting your personal rights, like freedom of speech and action.

A

negative face

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25
Q

involves making someone feel good about themselves.

A

Positive politeness

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26
Q

entails ensuring the other person doesn’t feel imposed upon or taken advantage of.

A

Negative politeness

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27
Q

describes features of grammar and vocabulary, as well as aspects of pronunciation

A

Dialect

28
Q

When a number of isoglosses come together a more solid line can be drawn, which indicates a dialect boundary.

A

Dialect boundaries

29
Q

is the ability to speak two languages.

A

Bilingualism

30
Q

however, doesn’t have to be the result of political dominance by a group using a different language.

A

Individual bilingualism

31
Q

Two distinct varieties of a language, called Diglossia, exists in some countries.

A

Diglossia

32
Q

 not formally learned.
 Its speakers don’t formally learn grammar and writing.
 It’s learned as a spoken language.

A

low variety

33
Q

 It’s learned at school
 Its speakers learn how to write, and learn grammar rules

A

High variety

34
Q

aspects of the grammar, vocabulary and pronunciation of a variety of a language, in contrast to accent.

A

Dialect

35
Q

a continuous whole, quantity, or series.

A

Continuum

36
Q

the gradual merging of one regional variety of a language into another

A

Dialect continuum

37
Q

Being capable of speaking two dialects.

A

Bidialectal

38
Q

a term used to describe a native speaker of two languages or a country with two official languages, in contrast to monolingual

A

Bilingual

39
Q

A term used for a line drawn on a dialect map which marks off an area which uses a particular variant from another neighbouring area which uses a different variant.

A

Isoglasses

40
Q

is the branch of linguistics that focuses on the study of dialects within a language. It examines regional, social, and historical variations in language, investigating differences in pronunciation, vocabulary, and grammar.

A

Dialectology

41
Q

is an ‘idealized variety’ of a language that is considered the dominant or prestige variety within a language that is held up by prescriptive grammarians and purists.

A

Standard language

42
Q

The greater the social distance between the speaker and the listener, the more politeness is expected. The greater the listener’s perceived relative power over the speaker, the more politeness is recommended. The greater the imposition on the listener, the higher level of politeness is required.

A

Sociological variables

43
Q

The action performed by a speaker with an utterance.

A

Speech act

44
Q

type of communication where the speaker’s Intention is clear and explicit, such as making a request, giving a command, or asking a question directly.

A

direct speech act

45
Q

involves conveying a message implicitly, often through indirect language or by implying meaning without explicitly stating it.

A

Indirect speech act

46
Q

The act of producing sounds and words to form a meaningful utterance.

A

Locutionary act

47
Q

The speaker’s intention or purpose behind the utterance

A

Illocutionary act

48
Q

The effect of the speech act on the listener.

A

Perlocutionary act

49
Q

these are the presuppositions of existence. Can be present in possessive constructions

A

Existential Presuppositions

50
Q

assumptions that something is true because of the presence of some verbs. Factive means that information given is true or a fact.

A

Factive presuppositions

51
Q

assumptions that are not true because of the presence of some verbs.
 Non-Factive Verbs: Dream, Imagine, and Pretend.

A

Non-factive presuppositions

52
Q

assumptions are not only true but also the opposite of what is true.

A

Contrafactual presuppositions

53
Q

assumption that when one word is used, another meaning is understood. A particular word is taken to presuppose another unstated concept.

A

lexical prusuppositions

54
Q

because of the structure of some sentences, the information given in them are assumed to be true. They are constructed with “wh” questions

A

Structural presuppositions

55
Q

related Meanings

A

Polysemy

56
Q

NOT Related Meanings

A

Hamonyms

57
Q

is the clever or witty use of words; it is also called play-on-words; to enhance the beauty of text

A

Word play

58
Q

“metōnymía”, “CHANGE OF NAME”

A

metonomy

59
Q

Different written forms with the same pronunciation.

A

homophones

60
Q

one of a pair of words that refer to a relationship from opposite points of view. A word from the pair can’t exist without the other.

A

relational antonyms

61
Q

define words that are at opposite ends of a spectrum with some gradtion between the two extremes.

A

Gradable antonyms

62
Q
  • are opposite words which have only one possible alternative.
A

Complementary antonyms

63
Q

The meaning of synonymous words are exactly the same.

A

absolute synonyms

64
Q

when words have very closely related meanings. The meaning are not exactly same.

A

partial synonyms

65
Q

 sentences maybe produced with other sentences inside them.
 refers to the technique of sentences containing other sentences within them. This nesting of sentences can create complex and intricate structures, allowing for sophisticated communication and expression of ideas.

A

Recursion

Final Term Reviewer (13 decks)

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