GD-Thorax And Lungs Flashcards

Question

Tuberculosis

Answer 1

Cause mycobacterium tuberculosis PP low grade fever night sweats productive cough yellow green sputum Small white lesions ghon lesions on x-rays Positive tine test mantoux test Purified protein derivative Definitive test is sputum culture Starts in Apex of lungs then spreads

Answer 2

Inflammation of pleura Produces exudative pleural effusion PP stabbing chest pain worse with respiration Dry non productive cough Decreased respiratory excursion and tactile fremitus dull percussion Friction rub Positive schepelmann test (pain convex side)

Answer 3

MCC rupture of bleps Ruptured lung causing air trapped in pleural space Decreased chest expansion tactile fremitus breath sounds Hyperresonance on percussion Young tall skinny healthy individuals spontaneous

Answer 4

Collapsed lung= bronchial obstruction due to mucus plug Decreased tactile fremitus, chest expansion absent breath sounds dull percussion

Answer 5

Cause repeated pulmonary infections | Irreversible focal bronchial dilation w/ chronic productive cough

Answer 6

Long-term cough with mucus Shortness of breath and wheezing MCC Cigarette smoking Long exposure to chemical fumes dust and other substances may also cause

Answer 7

Bronchospasm constricting airways Type 1 hypersensitivity reaction triggered by airborne allergens PP tachycardia tachypnea decreased tactile fremitus and wheezing Eosinophils and IgE rise (allergic response) Labs curschmann spirals charcot Laden crystals

Answer 8

Destruction of elastic pulmonary connective tissue=permanent dilation of alveoli air sacs Cause deficiency of alpha-1 antitrypsin PP decreased tactile fremitus hyperresonance on percussion to beast breath sounds and wheezing

Answer 9

Primary malignant lung tumor starts in bronchus Long-term history of smoking 20 to 30 years PP coughing non-productive more than 30 days a febrile dispigna weight loss without trying clubbing of fingernails CT for lung issue

Answer 10

Inflammation of cartilage connection between ribs and sternum Consequence of physical activity worse with exercise Increase pain when taking a deep breath Palpable tenderness third fourth and fifth costo sternal articulation Tender but no visual Similar to tietze syndrome Can be chronic

Answer 11

``` shingles Painful rash follows dermatone Most common thoracic spine Dorsal root ganglion prior chickenpox infection Cranial nerve 5 ```

Answer 12

Abnormal collections of inflammatory cells form nodules Appear in lungs or lymph nodes 👀 African descent in u.s. X-ray bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy

Answer 13

Lymphatic system cancer spreads to the spleen MC young Caucasian males KP fever night sweats weight loss intense pleuritis enlarged spleen Diagnosed with biopsy Reed Sternberg cells Increase pain when drinking alcohol

Answer 14

COPD barrel chest Chronic progressive fatal genetic disease of mucous glands Glands produce or secrete sweat and mucus Thick accumulations of mucus in intestines and lungs Loss of excessive amounts of salt (salty baby) Pancreatic insufficiency Meconium ileus neonatal bowel obstruction

Answer 15

Lobar pneumonia