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NBCE Part 3 > GD-Eyes > Flashcards

GD-Eyes Flashcards

1
Q

Scaly eyebrows

A

Seborrhea

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2
Q

Loss of the lateral 1/3 of eyebrow

A

Myxoedema

AKA: hypothyroidism

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3
Q

Quantitative loss of eyebrow

A

Normal with age

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4
Q

Icterus

A

Jaundice

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5
Q

Adie’s pupil

A

Sluggish pupillary reaction
Unilateral
Parasympathetic lesion of CN III

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6
Q

Anisocoria

A

Unequal pupil size
Physiologic pharmacologic pathologic or traumatic
May be used to describe Horner’s

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7
Q

Argyll Robertson pupil

A

Bilaterally small irregular pupils
Accommodate but does not react to light
AKA: Prostitutes pupil=syphilis

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8
Q

Arroyo sign

A

Sluggish pupillary reaction

Due to hypoadrenalism (Addison’s disease)

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9
Q

Blepharitis

A

Eyelid inflammation

Seen w/ seborrhea, staph infection & inflammatory processes

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10
Q

Cataracts

A

Lens opacities
Common with diabetes and elderly
Absent red light reflex
Blurred or clouded vision

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11
Q

Chalazion

A

Meibomian gland infection
Nodule on inside of lid
Not painful

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12
Q

Conjunctiva

A

Pink =normal
Pale= anemia
Bright red= infection (superficial)

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13
Q

Corneal arcus

A

Grayish opaque ring around cornea

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14
Q

Arcus sinilis

A

Normal in elderly

Under 40 hypercholesterolemia

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15
Q

Diabetic retinopathy

A 
Primarily affects veins
Microaneurysms
Hard exudates
Neovascularization
Early sign cotton wool patches 
Can lead to blindness
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16
Q

Ectropion

A

Eyelid turned outward

MC seen in elderly

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17
Q

Entropion

A

Lid turned inward

MC seen in elderly

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18
Q

Exophthalmosis

A

Lid lag/failure (doesn’t cover eyeball)
Graves= bilateral
tumor= unilateral

19
Q

Glaucoma

A

Increased intraocular pressure
Cupping of optic disc
Blurring of vision especially peripheral fields
Rings around lights
Crescent sign present upon transgentil light
Increase in aqueous humor

20
Q

Hordoleum (sty)

A

Sebaceous Gland infection
Outside Lid=pimple or boil
Painful

21
Q

Horner syndrome

A

Ptosis miosis anhydrosis
Same side as interruption to cervical sympathetics
Pancoast tumor
Anisocoria (different size pupil)

22
Q

Hypertensive retinopathy

A 
Retinal vessels/back ground damage
Copper wire deformity
Silver wire deformity
AV nicking
Flame hemorrhages
Cotton wool soft exudate
23
Q

Internal ophthalmoplegia

A

Dilated pupil with ptosis and lateral deviation
No reaction to light or accommodation
Multiple sclerosis

24
Q

Iritis/uveitis

A

Iris inflammation

Ankylosing spondylitis

25
Q

Macular degeneration

A

MCC blindness in elderly
Central vision loss
Early sign= Macular drusen (made of lipids)

26
Q

Miosis

A

Fixed and constricted pupils
React to light and accommodate
Seen with severe brain damage, pilocarpine meds, narcotic use

27
Q

Mydriasis

A

Dilated fixed pupils
👀 Anticholinergic drugs
(atropine/mushroom/death)

28
Q

Papilledema

AKA choked disc

A

Optic disc swelling
Due to increased intracranial pressure
No visual loss
👀 Brain tumor or brain hemorrhage

29
Q

Periorbital edema

A

Swelling around

👀 Allergies, myxoedema (hypothyroidism), nephrotic syndrome (HEP hypertension edema proteinuria)

30
Q

Pinquecula

A

Yellowish triangular nodule in bulbar conjunctiva

Harmless indicates aging

31
Q

Pterygium

A

Triangular thickening of bulbar conjunctiva
Grows across cornea brought on by dry eyes
*Significant

32
Q

Ptosis

A

Drooping eyelid

👀 Horner’s, CN 3 paralysis, myasthenia gravis, MS

33
Q

Retinal detachment

A

Immediate 911
Painless sudden onset of blindness
Curtains closing over vision, falling curtain
Flashing lights/floaters seen prior to vision loss

34
Q

Sclera

A

White=normal
Yellow=jaundice
Blue=osteogenesis imperfecta

35
Q

Xanthelasma

A

Fatty plaques on nasal surface of eyelids

Normal or indicates hypercholesterolemia

36
Q

Emmetropia

A

Normal vision

37
Q

Myopia

A

Nearsighted

38
Q

Hyperopia

A

Farsighted

39
Q

Presbyopia

A

Loss of lens elasticity due to aging

Need reading glasses

40
Q

What eye exams test CN II & III

A

Direct light reflex
Consensual light reflex
Swinging light test
Accommodation

41
Q

Visual acuity is tested with what exam

A

Snellen chart

42
Q

What does the Cardinal fields of gaze test

A

CN III, IV, VI

43
Q

What happens during eye accommodation

A

Eye converge
Pupil constrict
Lens convex

NBCE Part 3 (9 decks)

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