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REx-PN > Gastrointestinal System > Flashcards

Gastrointestinal System Flashcards

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1
Q

What is hepatitis?

A

inflammation of the liver

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2
Q

What are the symptoms of hepatitis?

A

rusty urine, N&V, loss of weight, jaundice, fever/chills, RUQ pain

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3
Q

What are the diagnosis of hepatitis?

A

presence of specific antigen/antibody

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4
Q

What are the treatment of hepatitis?

A

PREVENTION

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5
Q

What are the 4 functions of liver?

A

clotting, metabolizing, albumin making, detoxifies body

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6
Q

What is hepatitis A?

A

cause: virus
Transmission: fecal, oral
prevention: vaccination
Treatment: no cure

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7
Q

What is hepatitis B?

A

Cause: virus
Transmission: body fluids
Treatment: vaccinations! meds to lessen symptoms, no cure

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8
Q

What is hepatitis C?

A

cause: virus
Transmission: blood
treatment: ART: 24 week treatment
NO CURE, no vaccination

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9
Q

What is cirrhosis?

A

scar tissue replacing healthy tissue on liver causing impaired circulation

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10
Q

What are the symptoms of cirrhosis?

A

weight loss, spider like veins, jaundice, ascites, N&V, enlarged liver, splenomegaly, LOC, itchy skin, tired, edema

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11
Q

What are the diagnosis of cirrhosis?

A

Liver biosy, CT, MRI

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12
Q

What are the treatment of cirrhosis?

A

daily weights, paracentesis, diuretics. limit alcohol intake

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13
Q

What is paracentesis?

A

removal of fluid from the paratoneal cavity

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14
Q

What is hepatic encephalopathy?

A

high albumin due to liver failure causing altered brain function and LOC

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15
Q

What is the symptoms of hepatic encephalopathy?

A

excessive sleep, altered LOC, confused, impaired thinking, neuromuscular imbalances

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16
Q

What is the treatment of hepatic encephalopathy?

A

decrease dietary protein, give lactose,

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17
Q

What is the diagnosis of hepatic encephalopathy?

A

liver function tests, ammonia levels, CT/MRI

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18
Q

What is esophageal varices?

A

abnormally large venison lower portion of the esophagus resulting form portal hypertension

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19
Q

What is the symptoms of esophageal varices?

A

hematemesis, black tarry stools, SHOCK, portal hypertension

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20
Q

What is the treatment of esophageal varices?

A

manage airways, stop bleeding, B-blockers

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21
Q

What is the diagnosis of esophageal varices?

A

endoscopy, CT, MRI, cirrhosis hx

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22
Q

What is pancreatitis?

A

inflammation of the pancreas

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23
Q

What is the symptoms of pancreatitis?

A

absent bowel sounds, flushed skin, pain LUQ to back, dyspnea, tanking BP, jaundice, fever, pt guarding, ascites, increasing blood sugar

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24
Q

What is the treatment of pancreatitis?

A

pain management, NPO, bed rest, anticholinergics, daily weights

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25
Q

What is the diagnosis of pancreatitis?

A

increased BS, amylase/liptase, ALT/AST,WBC

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26
Q

What is peptic ulcers?

A

open sores in the lining of esophagus/stomach/intestines

27
Q

What is the symptoms of peptic ulcers?

A

mid epigastric burning, appetite changes, indigestion, N&V

28
Q

What is the treatment of peptic ulcers?

A

meds

29
Q

What is the diagnosis of peptic ulcers?

A

endoscopy, h-pylori

30
Q

What is gastric peptic ulcers?

A

pain 1-2 hours after meals, food doesn’t help, vomiting helps, vomiting blood, malnourished

31
Q

What is duodenal peptic ulcers?

A

pain 2-4 hours after meals, food helps, blood in stool, well nourished

32
Q

What is an endoscopy?

A

tube with camera into stomach

33
Q

What is an hiatal hernia?

A

herniation of a portion of the stomach into the esophagus through an opening in the diaphragm

34
Q

What is the symptoms of a hiatal hernia?

A

belching, extreme fullness, loss of blood, dysphagia, heart burn

35
Q

What is the treatment of a hiatal hernia?

A

antacids, H2 antagonists, protein pump inhibitors, small frequent meals

36
Q

What is the diagnosis of a hiatal hernia?

A

x-ray, barium swallow, endoscopy

37
Q

What is the inflammatory bowel disease?

A

inflammation of all/part of digestive tract
colitis: only large intestine
crohns: small or large intestine

38
Q

What is the symptoms of inflammatory bowel disease?

A

I: increased N&V
T: tenderness

F: fever
E: excessive weight loss
E: excessive fatigue
L: loss of appetite
S: stools bloody

B: blood loss; anemia
A: abdo pain
D: diarrhea

39
Q

What is the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease?

A

medication: abx, steroids, antidiarrheal

40
Q

What is the diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease?

A

colonoscopy, CT, barium edema

41
Q

What is an colonoscopy?

A

camera inserted through bum

42
Q

What is appendicitis?

A

inflammation of appendix

43
Q

What is the symptoms of appendicitis?

A

umbilical pain, RLQ pain, pain worsens when leg flexed, WBC increased, fever, N&V, rebound tenderness

44
Q

What is the treatment of appendicitis?

A

never apply heat, npo, abx, surgical removal

45
Q

What is the diagnosis of appendicitis?

A

US, CT, WNC count

46
Q

What is the range for WBC?

A

5000-10000

47
Q

What is cholecystitis?

A

inflammation of gallbladder

48
Q

What is the symptoms of cholecystitis?

A

intolerant to fat, jaundice, fever, abdominal distention, increased WBC, indigestion, N&V

49
Q

What is the treatment of cholecystitis?

A

NPO, abx, surgery, never apply heat

50
Q

What is the diagnosis of cholecystitis?

A

US,CT, WBC increased

51
Q

What is peritonitis?

A

inflammation of peritoneal lining in abdominal

52
Q

What is the symptoms of peritonitis?

A

WBC increased, abdominal distention, rebound tenderness, muffled bowel sounds, N&V, tachycardia, fever, board like abdominal

53
Q

What is the treatment of peritonitis?

A

IV fluids, abx, antiemetics, surgery

54
Q

What is the diagnosis of peritonitis?

A

US, CT, increased WBC

55
Q

What is dumping syndrome?

A

15-20 mins after eating causing severe symptoms and discomfort

56
Q

What is the symptoms of dumping syndrome?

A

bad diarrhea, diaphoresis, weakness, cramping, rapid HR, abdominal fullness, may pass out, palpitations

57
Q

What is the treatment of dumping syndrome?

A

no fluids with meals, small frequent meals, lie down after meals

58
Q

What is the diagnosis of dumping syndrome?

A

patients subjective data

59
Q

What is an ostomy?

A
60
Q

What are the types of ostomies?

A
61
Q

What is the normal findings of an ostomy?

A
62
Q

What are post op considerations for ostomies?

A
63
Q

What is TPN?

A
64
Q
A

REx-PN (14 decks)

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