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Gastrointestinal System Flashcards

1
Q

What is hepatitis?

A

inflammation of the liver

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2
Q

What are the symptoms of hepatitis?

A

rusty urine, N&V, loss of weight, jaundice, fever/chills, RUQ pain

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3
Q

What are the diagnosis of hepatitis?

A

presence of specific antigen/antibody

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4
Q

What are the treatment of hepatitis?

A

PREVENTION

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5
Q

What are the 4 functions of liver?

A

clotting, metabolizing, albumin making, detoxifies body

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6
Q

What is hepatitis A?

A

cause: virus
Transmission: fecal, oral
prevention: vaccination
Treatment: no cure

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7
Q

What is hepatitis B?

A

Cause: virus
Transmission: body fluids
Treatment: vaccinations! meds to lessen symptoms, no cure

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8
Q

What is hepatitis C?

A

cause: virus
Transmission: blood
treatment: ART: 24 week treatment
NO CURE, no vaccination

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9
Q

What is cirrhosis?

A

scar tissue replacing healthy tissue on liver causing impaired circulation

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10
Q

What are the symptoms of cirrhosis?

A

weight loss, spider like veins, jaundice, ascites, N&V, enlarged liver, splenomegaly, LOC, itchy skin, tired, edema

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11
Q

What are the diagnosis of cirrhosis?

A

Liver biosy, CT, MRI

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12
Q

What are the treatment of cirrhosis?

A

daily weights, paracentesis, diuretics. limit alcohol intake

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13
Q

What is paracentesis?

A

removal of fluid from the paratoneal cavity

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14
Q

What is hepatic encephalopathy?

A

high albumin due to liver failure causing altered brain function and LOC

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15
Q

What is the symptoms of hepatic encephalopathy?

A

excessive sleep, altered LOC, confused, impaired thinking, neuromuscular imbalances

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16
Q

What is the treatment of hepatic encephalopathy?

A

decrease dietary protein, give lactose,

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17
Q

What is the diagnosis of hepatic encephalopathy?

A

liver function tests, ammonia levels, CT/MRI

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18
Q

What is esophageal varices?

A

abnormally large venison lower portion of the esophagus resulting form portal hypertension

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19
Q

What is the symptoms of esophageal varices?

A

hematemesis, black tarry stools, SHOCK, portal hypertension

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20
Q

What is the treatment of esophageal varices?

A

manage airways, stop bleeding, B-blockers

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21
Q

What is the diagnosis of esophageal varices?

A

endoscopy, CT, MRI, cirrhosis hx

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22
Q

What is pancreatitis?

A

inflammation of the pancreas

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23
Q

What is the symptoms of pancreatitis?

A

absent bowel sounds, flushed skin, pain LUQ to back, dyspnea, tanking BP, jaundice, fever, pt guarding, ascites, increasing blood sugar

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24
Q

What is the treatment of pancreatitis?

A

pain management, NPO, bed rest, anticholinergics, daily weights

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25
What is the diagnosis of pancreatitis?
increased BS, amylase/liptase, ALT/AST,WBC
26
What is peptic ulcers?
open sores in the lining of esophagus/stomach/intestines
27
What is the symptoms of peptic ulcers?
mid epigastric burning, appetite changes, indigestion, N&V
28
What is the treatment of peptic ulcers?
meds
29
What is the diagnosis of peptic ulcers?
endoscopy, h-pylori
30
What is gastric peptic ulcers?
pain 1-2 hours after meals, food doesn't help, vomiting helps, vomiting blood, malnourished
31
What is duodenal peptic ulcers?
pain 2-4 hours after meals, food helps, blood in stool, well nourished
32
What is an endoscopy?
tube with camera into stomach
33
What is an hiatal hernia?
herniation of a portion of the stomach into the esophagus through an opening in the diaphragm
34
What is the symptoms of a hiatal hernia?
belching, extreme fullness, loss of blood, dysphagia, heart burn
35
What is the treatment of a hiatal hernia?
antacids, H2 antagonists, protein pump inhibitors, small frequent meals
36
What is the diagnosis of a hiatal hernia?
x-ray, barium swallow, endoscopy
37
What is the inflammatory bowel disease?
inflammation of all/part of digestive tract colitis: only large intestine crohns: small or large intestine
38
What is the symptoms of inflammatory bowel disease?
I: increased N&V T: tenderness F: fever E: excessive weight loss E: excessive fatigue L: loss of appetite S: stools bloody B: blood loss; anemia A: abdo pain D: diarrhea
39
What is the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease?
medication: abx, steroids, antidiarrheal
40
What is the diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease?
colonoscopy, CT, barium edema
41
What is an colonoscopy?
camera inserted through bum
42
What is appendicitis?
inflammation of appendix
43
What is the symptoms of appendicitis?
umbilical pain, RLQ pain, pain worsens when leg flexed, WBC increased, fever, N&V, rebound tenderness
44
What is the treatment of appendicitis?
never apply heat, npo, abx, surgical removal
45
What is the diagnosis of appendicitis?
US, CT, WNC count
46
What is the range for WBC?
5000-10000
47
What is cholecystitis?
inflammation of gallbladder
48
What is the symptoms of cholecystitis?
intolerant to fat, jaundice, fever, abdominal distention, increased WBC, indigestion, N&V
49
What is the treatment of cholecystitis?
NPO, abx, surgery, never apply heat
50
What is the diagnosis of cholecystitis?
US,CT, WBC increased
51
What is peritonitis?
inflammation of peritoneal lining in abdominal
52
What is the symptoms of peritonitis?
WBC increased, abdominal distention, rebound tenderness, muffled bowel sounds, N&V, tachycardia, fever, board like abdominal
53
What is the treatment of peritonitis?
IV fluids, abx, antiemetics, surgery
54
What is the diagnosis of peritonitis?
US, CT, increased WBC
55
What is dumping syndrome?
15-20 mins after eating causing severe symptoms and discomfort
56
What is the symptoms of dumping syndrome?
bad diarrhea, diaphoresis, weakness, cramping, rapid HR, abdominal fullness, may pass out, palpitations
57
What is the treatment of dumping syndrome?
no fluids with meals, small frequent meals, lie down after meals
58
What is the diagnosis of dumping syndrome?
patients subjective data
59
What is an ostomy?
60
What are the types of ostomies?
61
What is the normal findings of an ostomy?
62
What are post op considerations for ostomies?
63
What is TPN?
64

REx-PN (14 decks)

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