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Nut 2 Sem 1 > Gastrointestinal Health > Flashcards

Gastrointestinal Health Flashcards

1
Q

What is Hypochlohydria and what are the signs and symptoms

A

Low stomach acid pH above 3.0

Gas and bloating 30mins after food
Heartburn
Feeling full
Diarrhoea
Nausea
Brittle nails

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2
Q

What are the implications of hypochlorhydria

A

Reduced mineral absorption
Poor protein digestion/ putrefaction
Risk of colorectal cancer
Risk of H. Pylori survival
SIBO
Poor pancreatic juice and bile (reducing B12)

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3
Q

Natural approach to hypochlorhydria

A

Chew thoroughly
apple cider vinegar before meals
Zinc and B6 rich food
Bitter greens
Bitter herbs ( gentian / dandelion)

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4
Q

How to supplement with Betaine HCL

A

Start with 1 cap 350-750mg with protein meal
Increase 1 cap every 2 days until tingling or burning sensation. Then reduce by 1 capsule.

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5
Q

Symptoms of Exocrine Pancreatic insufficiency

A

Bloating / bleaching / flatulence 1-2 hours after food

Excessive fat in stools (steatorrhorea)

Drowsiness after meals

Food intolerances

Low zinc and B12

IBS / SIBO

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6
Q

Causes of pancreatic insufficiency

A

Stress
Low stomach acid
xenobiotics
SIBO

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7
Q

Natural approach to pancreatic insufficiency

A

Chew adequately
Avoid snacking
Diaphragmatic breathing
Sing / gargle
Laugh
Bitters - gentian / dandelion
Pancreatic enzymes

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8
Q

How to use pancreatic enzymes

A

To mimic natural secretions, whereby enzymes secretion increases with more food intake.

Short meal take at start

Medium meal take half at start and half during

Large meal third at the start, middle and end

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9
Q

What Bile insufficiency

A

Where Bile synthesis or flow is compromised affecting digestion of fatty acids

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10
Q

Signs and symptoms of Bile insufficiency

A

Steatorrhoea (diarrhoea or constipation)

Intolerance to fatty foods bloating excess flatulence with cramping

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11
Q

What would show in stool test for bile insufficiency

A

Low / absent bile acids

High faecal fats

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12
Q

Causes of bile insufficiency

A

Low dietary fat intake
Impaired liver function
Obesity
Oestrogen dominance
Low HCI reducing CKK and bile release

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13
Q

Long term implications of bile insufficiency

A

Deficiency in fat soluble nutrients (vit E, A, D, K)

Hormone imbalance (poor oestrogen clearance)

High cholesterol

Gallstones

SIBO

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14
Q

Natural approach to bile insufficiency

A

Hydration

Avoid processed food

Chew slow

Diaphragmatic breathing

Taurine - tuna / salmon / chicken thighs

Choline - broccoli/ eggs / sprouts / quinoa

Support liver detoxification

Choleretics and cholagogues

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15
Q

Examples of choleretics

A

Radish

Cucumber

Onion

Kidney beans

Gentian

Barberry bark

Dandelion

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16
Q

Examples of cholagogues

A

Apples

Beets

Celery

Milk thistle

Turmeric

Ginger

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17
Q

What is mucosal barrier made up of

A

96- 98% water

Glycoproteins (mucins)

IgA

Anti microbial peptides

18
Q

What happens to mucosal barrier in ulcerative colitis

A

Becomes permeable resulting in bacteria in close contact with host tissue leading to inflammation

19
Q

What can disturbed mucosal barrier lead to

A

Bacterial translocation and leakage of LSP leading to metabolic endotoxaemia

20
Q

What to support mucosal barrier

A

Optimal dietary fibre

Polyphenols - green tea/ blueberries/ cranberries/ pomegranate

Slippery elm / flaxseed/ marshmallow root - ( mucoplolyscarrides)

21
Q

How to support intestinal permeability

A

Glutamine supplements

Glutamine food - cabbage juice / spirulina/ asparagus

Bone broth - glycine

22
Q

What are risk of low IgA

A

Increases risk of SIBO and GI infections

23
Q

What can cause low SIgA

A

Ongoing stress
NSAIDs
Antibiotics

24
Q

How to increase SIgA

A

Saccharomyces boulardii

Mushrooms

Vitamin A

Vitamin D

Pro and pre biotics

Polyphenols - green tea / blueberries

25
What’s elimination diet used for
Identify food allergies or intolerance
26
Stages of 5 R protocol
Remove - offending foods Replace - support with enzymes or stomach acids Reinoculation - restore mircobiome pre / pro biotics Repair - mucosal layer - nutrients/ phytonutrients Rebalance- lifestyle changes
27
What is dysbiosis
Imbalance in colonies of the bowel flora leading to a potential disruption in both local and systemic health.
28
Aetiology of dysbiosis
Poor diet Medications Stress Low digestive secretions C- section birth / non breast fed GI surgery and scar tissue
29
What diseases are associated with dysbiosis
Atopic disease Metabolic syndrome Colorectal cancer Neurodegenerative diseases
30
What is metabolic endotoxaemia
Subclinical rise in bacterial LPS in the blood resulting in chronic low grade inflammation.
31
What disease are associated with metabolic endotoxaemia
Cardiovascular disease Type 2 diabetes Autoimmunity Degenerative disorders
32
Natural approach to endotoxaemia
Avoid alcohol Avoid dietary irritants/ toxins / NSAIDs Increase fibre Avoid western and Leto diets Eat rainbow of colour Cold exposure Support liver Antioxidants Cruciferous veg for reservations and glutathione
33
What is SIBO
Overgrowth of pathogenic bacteria in the small intestine, most common cause of IBS. (60-70)%
34
Symptoms of SIBO
Bloating abdominal pain Constipation and or diarrhoea and flatulence
35
In SIBO what does hydrogen dominate gas produce
Diarrhoea
36
In SIBO what does methane gas produced
Constipation
37
Clinical indications of SIBO
Worse from probiotics Worse from fibre Chronic GI symptoms follow long term antibiotic / PPIs / opiates IBS following a GI infection
38
SIBO causes
Low stomach acid Low SIgA Prolonged stress Hypothyroidism Poor MMC function or ileocaecal valve Opiates and antibiotics
39
Sequence of aetiology of SIBO from gastroenteritis
Food poisoning Bacterial toxin Auto immunity Gut nerve cell damage SIBO
40
Name 4 anti fungals
Berberine Caprylic acid (from coconut oil) Oregano oil Allicin (garlic extract)
41
Name 2 bio film disrupters
Allicin Curcumin

Nut 2 Sem 1 (6 decks)

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