Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

GASTROINTESTINAL PHYSIOLOGY > Gastrointestinal Embryology > Flashcards

Gastrointestinal Embryology Flashcards

1
Q

Exposure to teratogens is most harmful when?

A

Weeks 4-8

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Organogenesis occurs during which weeks?

A

3-8

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What occurs during gastrulation?

A

Bilaminar –> Trilaminar disk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Ectoderm forms what?

A

Epidermis, CNS, PNS, retina, adrenals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Endoderm forms what?

A

GIT, Resp, glands, liver, pancreas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Mesoderm forms what?

A

CVS, connective tissue, muscles, bone marrow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Primordial gut arises when?

A

Week 4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What closes the primordial gut at the cranial end?

A

Oropharyngeal membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What closes the primordial gut at the caudal end?

A

Cloacal membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What separates the esophagus and the lung buds?

A

Tracheo-esophageal septum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How is the foregut attached to the walls?

A

Dorsal and ventral mesogastrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Where does the liver develop?

A

Ventral mesogastrium (which becomes the lesser omentum)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Where does the spleen develop?

A

Dorsal mesogastrium (becomes the greater omentum)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the name of the opening leading from the greater omentum to the lesser omentum?

A

Epiploic foramen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Incomplete separation of the laryngo-tracheal tube causes what?

A

Esophageal atresia + tracheo-osophageal fistula

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

When does the foregut dilate to form the stomach?

A

Week 4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What causes the curvatures of the stomach?

A

Differential growth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What rotation occurs to form the stomach?

A

Anterio-posterior rotation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

How does rotation cause the formation of the lesser sac (omental bursa)?

A

Rotation along the longitudinal axis pulling the dorsal mesentery to the left

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Duodenum is formed from what embryonic structures?

A

Caudal foregut

Dorsal midgut

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What causes the C-shape of the duodenum?

A

Rotation of the stomach

22
Q

Which part of the duodenum is intraperitoneal?

A

Duodenal cap

23
Q

When does the liver primordium bud appear?

A

Middle of 3rd week

24
Q

The liver bud grows into what structure?

A

Septum transversum

25
How is the bile duct formed?
Connection between the liver bud and the foregut
26
Formation of the gall bladder grows how?
Ventral outgrowth of the bile duct
27
The primordial spleen is differentiated from what?
Mesenchymal condensation of the dorsal mesogastrium
28
Spleen is derived from what?
Mesoderm
29
The spleen acts as what until week 14?
Haemopoietic organ
30
The spleen is colonised by what from weeks 15-17\?
T-lymphocytes
31
The spleen gains what at week 23?
B-cell precursors | Lymphoid function
32
The pancreas forms when? From what?
Week 5 | Endodermal lining of duodenum
33
How does the pancreas form?
Two buds which come to fuse
34
If the ventral bud fails to migrate around the duodenum, it may cause what?
Annular pancrease | --> duodenal stenosis
35
The midgut starts and ends where?
Distal duodenum | Proximal 2/3rds transverse colon
36
The Cephalic part of the primary intestinal loop becomes what?
Distal duodenum Jejunum Proximal ileum
37
The caudal part of the primary intestinal loop becomes what?
Distal ileum | --> Proximal 2/3rds tranverse colon
38
When does the rotation of the midgut occur?
Week 6
39
The rotation of the primary intestinal loop occurs around what? In which direction?
Axis of superior mesenteric artery | 90degrees anti-clock
40
What happens as the rotation occurs?
The gut tube herniates into the embryonic cavity of the umbilical cord
41
When does the midgut reenter the abdominal cavity?
Week 10
42
What enters first?
Jejunum --> caecum
43
What rotation occurs as the herniated loops reenter the cavity?
180degree anti-clockwise
44
Failure to retract the umbilical loops causes what?
Omphalocele
45
Herniation of abdominal contents into the amniotic cavity is what?
Gastrochisis
46
Remnants of the vitelline duct causes what? Could form what?
Meckel's diverticulum Vitelline cyst Fistula
47
Lining of the bladder and urethra are formed of what?
Hindgut endoderm
48
What is the cloaca?
Endoderm lined cavity with surface ectoderm
49
What do you find at the cloacal membrane?
Endoderm/ectoderm boundary
50
When does the cloacal membrane rupture?
Week 7
51
When does the anal canal re-open?
Week 9
52
Incomplete separation from the hindgut in the urorectal septum causes what?
Fistulas

GASTROINTESTINAL PHYSIOLOGY (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions