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Pharmacology > Gastrointestinal Disorders (Exam 3) > Flashcards

Gastrointestinal Disorders (Exam 3) Flashcards

1
Q

Most common GI disorder in the US

A

GERD

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2
Q

major GI disorders in the US

A

GERD
IBS
Gallstones
Celiac disease
Crohn’s disease
Ulcerative colitis
Hemorrhoids
Diverticulosis
Colon cancer

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3
Q

cells in the GI tract

A

pit cell
stem cell
neck cell
parietal cell
chief cell
endocrine cell

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4
Q

which layer of the stomach wall does drugs typically act?

A

mucosa

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5
Q

types of enzymes in the small intestine

A

pancreatic enzymes
brush border enzymes

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6
Q

pancreatic enzymes

A

lipases, amylases, exopeptidase, nucleases

secreted into the intestine, in intestinal lumen

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7
Q

brush border enzymes

A

embedded in the absorptive cell membranes
carry digestive work, not in lumen

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8
Q

intestinal cells can absorb only

A

monosaccarhides

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9
Q

digestion of proteins begins in the

A

stomach

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10
Q

digestion and absorption of lipids

A

bile salts must emulsify the lipid droplets into smaller ones

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11
Q

micelle

A

cholesterol
monoglyceride
fatty acid

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12
Q

how does components of a micelle cross the membrane?

A

cholesterol - carrier protein
monoglycerides and fatty acids - simple diffusion

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13
Q

what happens when the components of a micelle cross the membrane?

A

triglycerides reform
cholesterol, TG, proteins form chylomicrons
chylomicrons released into lacteal

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14
Q

what types of drugs are used to treat GI disorders?

A

drugs that neutralize acids
drugs that decrease acid output
drugs that affect GI motility

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15
Q

histamine

A

produced in enterochromaffin-like cells, mast cells, basophils and neurons

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16
Q

histamine has an important role in

A

gastric secretion

17
Q

site of histamine storage is mainly in

A

mast cells

18
Q

serotonin

A

modulation of platelet function and neurotransmission
important role in the gut

19
Q

serotonin is produced in

A

enterochromaffin cells, neurons

20
Q

serotonin is not produced in _____________, only stored there

A

platelets

21
Q

precursor of serotonin

A

tryptophan

22
Q

5HT1 subtypes and where they act

A

A-F - brain
P - enteric NS

23
Q

5HT2 subtypes and where they act

A

2A - platelets, smooth muscle
2B - stomach

24
Q

where does 5HT3 act?

A

vomiting centers - CNS
stomach

25
Q

what stimulates gastric acid secretion?

A

acetylcholine, histamine, gastrin

26
Q

G cells are

A

gastrin producers

27
Q

D cells are

A

somatostatin producers

28
Q

somatostatins role

A

inhibits G cell
inhibits gastrin secretion

29
Q

nerve involved in gastric acid secretion

A

vagus preganglionic nerve

30
Q

acetylcholine is present in

A

D cells
ECL cells
Parietal cells

31
Q

where is the proton pump located and what is its official name?

A

in parietal cells

H+K+ ATPase

32
Q
A

Pharmacology (16 decks)

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