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Pharmacology > Dopaminergic and Serotonergic (Exam 1) > Flashcards

Dopaminergic and Serotonergic (Exam 1) Flashcards

1
Q

Serotonergic

A

Serotonin Neurotransmitter

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2
Q

Serotonin

A

Monoamine found in CNS and enterochromaffin cells

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3
Q

Serotonergic receptors

A

5HT1-5HT7

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4
Q

Dopaminergic

A

Dopamine Neurotransmitter

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5
Q

Dopamine

A

Monoamine neurotransmitter found in brain, adrenal medulla, and GI tract

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6
Q

Dopaminergic Receptors

A

D1-D5

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7
Q

Indolamines

A

Serotonin, melatonin

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8
Q

MAO-A

A

Norepinephrine and serotonin breakdown

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9
Q

MAO-B

A

Dopamine breakdown

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10
Q

Serotonin 5HT1 (A, B, D, E, F, P) Receptors

A

Gi

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11
Q

Serotonin 5HT2 (A, B, C) Receptors

A

Gq

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12
Q

Serotonin 5HT3 (A, B, C, D, E) Receptors

A

LGIC (mostly Na+)

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13
Q

Serotonin 5HT4 Receptors

A

Gs

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14
Q

Serotonin 5HT5 (A) Receptors

A

Gi

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15
Q

Serotonin 5HT6 Receptors

A

Gs

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16
Q

Serotonin 5HT7 Receptors

A

Gs

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17
Q

Tryptophan

A

Synthesizes 5HT

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18
Q

5-HIAA

A

Major metabolite of serotonin excreted in urine

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19
Q

SERT (Serotonin Transporter)

A

Reuptake into presynaptic terminal

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20
Q

Where are 5HT1 receptors located?

A

Presynaptically as autoreceptors

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21
Q

CNS Serotonin

A

Tryptophan actively transported into brain by LAT1 to synthesize serotonin

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21
Q

PNS Serotonin

A

Synthesized by enterochromaffin cells of GI tract

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22
Q

How is serotonin in the brain produced?

A

By neurons originating in raphe nuclei

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23
Q

Serotonin signaling in the brain is important for (5)

A

Mood Regulation
Eating Behaviors
Emetic Response
Cognition
Sleep-wake

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24
Q

Mood Regulation

A

Reduction in serotonergic signaling may lead to depression

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25
Q

Activation of 5HT2A Receptors

A

Causes hallucinations/delusions

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26
Q

Eating behaviors

A

Drugs that enhance serotonergic signaling may cause weight gain
5HT2 agonists can lead to weight loss

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27
Q

Emetic (Vomiting) response

A

Signaling through 5HT3 in chemoreceptor trigger zone enhances this

28
Q

Serotonergic Signaling in Spinal Cord

A

Reduce pain perception

29
Q

Enteric Nervous System (ENS)

A

Controls serotonergic signaling in the GI tract

30
Q

5HT4 Activation

A

Enhanced intestinal peristalsis and faster gastric emptying

31
Q

Platelet Effect

A

Activation of 5HT2A receptors on platelets weakly enhances platelet aggregation

32
Q

Vasculature Effect

A

Activation of serotonergic receptors on blood vessels primarily leads to vasoconstriction

33
Q

Drugs that inhibit SERT

A

Slightly increase bleed risk by reducing platelet serotonin storage

34
Q

SSRIs

A

Inhibit serotonin transporter

35
Q

Serotonergic syndrome (SS)

A

Excessive serotonergic signaling
May occur due to drug interaction

36
Q

Symptoms of SS

A

Agitation, confusion, restlessness
Vasoconstriction, nausea, vomiting
Fever
Muscle twitching and spasms

37
Q

SERT Inhibitors (SSRIs)

A

Enhance serotonergic signaling in brain
Used for depression

38
Q

5HT3 Receptor Antagonists (Setrons)

A

Reduce nausea and vomiting by antagonizing receptor in GI tract and at CTZ
Treats nausea and vomiting

39
Q

5HT1B/1D Receptor Agonists (Triptans)

A

Cause vasoconstrictions of cerebral vascular
Treats migraines

40
Q

CNS Dopamine Synthesis

A

Tyrosine and L-DOPA must be actively transported across BBB by transporter LAT1
Dopamine cannot cross BBB

41
Q

PNS Dopamine synthesis

A

Neuroendocrine cells found in tissues synthesize dopamine

42
Q

Homovanillic Acid (HVA)

A

Major metabolite for dopamine

43
Q

Dopamine D1, D5 Receptors

44
Q

Dopamine D2, D3, D4 Receptors

45
Q

DAT (Dopamine Transporter)

A

Responsible for uptake in storage vesicles

46
Q

A = Nigrostriatal Pathway

A

Increased dopamine can lead to hyperkinesia
Decreased dopamine can lead to bradykinesia

47
Q

B = Mesolimbic Pathway
“Reward Pathway”

A

Euphoria and feelings of reward
Increased dopamine leads to hallucinations

48
Q

C = Mesocortical Pathway

A

Increased dopamine can increase cognition and emotional affect
Decreased dopamine impairs cognitive and emotional affect

49
Q

D = Tuberoinfundibular Pathway

A

Dopamine inhibits prolactin release
Decreased dopamine leads to galactorrhea and gynecomastia

50
Q

Parkinson’s Disease (PD)

A

Loss of dopamine-containing substantia nigra neurons

51
Q

Pathophysiology of PD

A

Balance between dopaminergic and cholinergic signaling is disrupted

52
Q

D2 Receptor Antagonists

A

Reduce hallucinations in mesolimbic pathway - schizophrenia
Reduce nausea/vomiting in CTZ
Increase gastric motility

53
Q

Addictive Drugs

A

Enhance dopaminergic release in mesolimbic pathway

54
Q

DAT/NET/VMAT Inhibitors (Amphetamines)

A

Increase release of DA and NE in brain
Treatment of ADHD

55
Q

NET Inhibitors (SNRIs)

A

Enhance serotonergic and adrenergic signaling in CNS
Treats depression and neuropathic pain

56
Q

MAO Inhibitors

A

Non-selective inhibitors breakdown serotonin, NE, and DA
Treats depression

57
Q

D2 Receptor Antagonists

A

Reduces hallucinations and delusions
Treats schizophrenia

58
Q

Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH)

A

Stimulates prolactin secretions while dopamine inhibits

59
Q

Dopamine receptor agonists

A

Activate dopaminergic receptors in nigrostriatal pathway
Treats PD and Restless Leg

60
Q

Levodopa/Carbidopa

A

Increases dopamine in CNS
Treats PD

61
Q

MAO-B inhibitors

A

Reduce breakdown of dopamine
Treats PD

62
Q

COMT inhibitors

A

Reduce breakdown of dopamine
Treats PD

63
Q

Cardiovascular Dopamine

A

Activates D1 receptors leading to vasodilation
High concentrations activate beta1 and alpha1 receptors

64
Q

Kidney Dopamine

A

Activation leads to increased sodium and water exce4rtion

65
Q

GI tract Dopamine

A

Activation decreases gastric motility

66
Q

Dopamines affinity for dopaminergic and adrenergic receptors

A

Dopamine receptors&raquo_space; beta&raquo_space; alpha

67
Q

Dopamine can act as a substrate for

Pharmacology (18 decks)

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