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IUMICRO > Gastrointestinal Cultures > Flashcards

Gastrointestinal Cultures Flashcards

1
Q

Obj. 1: Outline the path food takes through the anatomical regions of the gastrointestinal tract

A

Mouth — Esophagus — Stomach — Small Intestine — Large Intestine — Rectum — Anus

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2
Q

Obj. 2: Recognize mechanisms present in the host that help to prevent infection

A
  • Acidic environment of the stomach
  • Peristalsis of small intestines
  • Secretion of IgA in small intestines and colon
  • Normal gut microbiota
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3
Q

Obj. 3: Identify members of the normal adult bowel flora

A
  • Enterobacterales (i.e. E. coli, Kleb., Enterobacter, etc.)
  • Enterococcus
  • Streptococcus (Grp. D)
  • Bacteroides fragilis grp.
  • Fusobacterium spp.
  • Clostridium spp.
  • Peptostreptococcus anaerobius (anaerobic cocci)
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4
Q

Obj. 4: List the clinical signs of dehydration

A
  • Sunken appearance to the eyes
  • Dry Oral Membranes
  • Loss of skin resiliency
  • Decrease in blood pressure
  • Mental confusion
  • Tachycardia
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5
Q

Obj. 6: Differentiate between infections and intoxications based on symptoms and timing of onset

A

Infections
- Symptoms: Fever
- Timing: 1-3 days

Intoxications
- Symptoms: No fever
- Timing: within hours

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6
Q

Obj. 7: Recognize the organisms that are responsible for intoxications rather than infections

A
  • S. aureus
  • B. cereus
  • C. perfringens
  • C. botulinum
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7
Q

Obj. 9: Identify the transport medium recommended for stool specimens, especially for culture of Vibrio species

A

Modified Cary-Blair

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8
Q

Obj. 12: List the stool pathogens that must be serologically typed after they are identified in the laboratory

A
  • Shigella
  • Salmonella
  • E. coli O157:H7
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9
Q

Obj. 13: Discuss the procedure and rational for typing the above pathogens

A

To confirm ID of isolate and for epidemiologic tracking

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10
Q

Obj. 10: Select appropriate media and incubation conditions for culture of the clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens#:
- Vibrio cholerae

Obj. 11: Recognize the appearance of these pathogens# on the above media (if appropriate)

A

TCBS agar (selective for GNRs, differential for sucrose utilization)
CHO+ (yellow colonies)
(SBA agar: oxidase positive)
Incubation: Ambient Air

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11
Q

Obj. 10: Select appropriate media and incubation conditions for culture of the clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens#:
- Vibrio parahaemolyticus

Obj. 11: Recognize the appearance of these pathogens# on the above media (if appropriate)

A

TCBS agar (selective for GNRs, differential for sucrose utilization)
CHO = (green colonies)
(SBA agar: oxidase positive)
Incubation: Ambient Air

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12
Q

Obj. 10: Select appropriate media and incubation conditions for culture of the clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens#:
- Vibrio vulnificus

Obj. 11: Recognize the appearance of these pathogens# on the above media (if appropriate)

A

TCBS agar (selective for GNRs, differential for sucrose utilization)
CHO = (green colonies)
MAC: Some are lactose + (pink colonies)
(SBA agar: oxidase positive)
Incubation: Ambient Air

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13
Q

Obj. 18: Identify clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens# when given biochemical results
- Vibrio spp.

A

String Test +
Vibrostatic 0/129: Susceptible

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14
Q

Obj. 19: Recognize the Gram stain morphology of isolated clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens*#

A

Vibrio spp.

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15
Q

Obj. 10: Select appropriate media and incubation conditions for culture of the clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens#:
- Shigella

Obj. 11: Recognize the appearance of these pathogens# on the above media (if appropriate)

A

MAC: lactose = (clear colonies)
HEK/XLD: lactose & “other” sugars = (green/red colonies)
Incubation: Ambient Air

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16
Q

Obj. 18: Identify clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens# when given biochemical results
- Shigella

A

Phenylalanine =, Urease =, H2S =
IMVICU (++—- or -+—-), lactose =, lysine =, motility =
Serotyping required to confirm ID

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17
Q

Obj. 10: Select appropriate media and incubation conditions for culture of the clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens#:
- E. coli (O157:H7)

Obj. 11: Recognize the appearance of these pathogens# on the above media (if appropriate)

A

SMAC (selective for GNRs, differential for sorbitol utilization)
Sorbitol = (clear colonies)
Incubation: Ambient Air

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18
Q

Obj. 18: Identify clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens# when given biochemical results
- E. coli (O157:H7)

A

Phenylalanine =, Urease =, H2S =
IMVICU (++—- ), lactose +/=, lysine +/=, motility +/=
(MUG =)
Serotyping required to confirm ID

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19
Q

Obj. 10: Select appropriate media and incubation conditions for culture of the clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens#:
- Salmonella

Obj. 11: Recognize the appearance of these pathogens# on the above media (if appropriate)

A

MAC: lactose = (clear colonies)
HEK/XLD: lactose & “other” sugars = (black/black colonies)
Incubation: Ambient Air

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20
Q

Obj. 18: Identify clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens# when given biochemical results
- Salmonella

A

Phenylalanine =, Urease =, H2S +
Lactose =, Citrate +, Lysine +
Serotyping required to confirm ID

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21
Q

Obj. 10: Select appropriate media and incubation conditions for culture of the clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens#:
- Listeria

Obj. 11: Recognize the appearance of these pathogens# on the above media (if appropriate)

A

SBA
Incubation: CO2

Resembles Beta Strep

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22
Q

Obj. 18: Identify clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens# when given biochemical results
- Listeria

A

Catalase +, Umbrella motility at 25 deg., Bile Esculin +

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23
Q

Obj. 19: Recognize the Gram stain morphology of isolated clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens*#

A

Listeria spp.

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24
Q

Obj. 10: Select appropriate media and incubation conditions for culture of the clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens#:
- Yersinia enterolitica and pseudotuberculosis

A

MAC/CIN/YSA at 22-28 deg.

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25
Obj. 18: Identify clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens# when given biochemical results - Yersinia enterolitica and pseudotuberculosis
Motile at 22 deg, nonmotile at 37 deg. Urease +
26
Obj. 10: Select appropriate media and incubation conditions for culture of the clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens#: - Campylobacter jejuni Obj. 11: Recognize the appearance of these pathogens# on the above media (if appropriate)
Blood based: Campy/CVA, Skirrow Charcoal based: CCDA, CSM Incubation: 42 deg. of 5% O2, 10% CO2, 85% N2 (48 hours) Gray, Flat, Spreading colonies
27
Obj. 18: Identify clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens# when given biochemical results - Campylobacter jejuni
Oxidase, Catalase + Hippurate Hydrolysis +
28
Obj. 19: Recognize the Gram stain morphology of isolated clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens*#
Campylobacter spp.
29
Obj. 10: Select appropriate media and incubation conditions for culture of the clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens#: - Plesiomonas
BAP Incubation: CO2
30
Obj. 18: Identify clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens# when given biochemical results - Plesiomonas
Oxidase + Lysine +, Ornithine +, Arginine +
31
Obj. 10: Select appropriate media and incubation conditions for culture of the clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens#: - Aeromonas Obj. 11: Recognize the appearance of these pathogens# on the above media (if appropriate)
BAP Incubation: CO2 Yellow-pigmented, beta-hemolytic colonies
32
Obj. 18: Identify clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens# when given biochemical results - Aeromonas
Oxidase + Vibriostatic Agent O/129 (Resistant) Inability to grow in 6% NaCl
33
Obj. 10: Select appropriate media and incubation conditions for culture of the clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens#: - Clostridium difficile Obj. 11: Recognize the appearance of these pathogens# on the above media (if appropriate)
CCFA Incubation: Anaerobic Cis appearance (BAP)
34
Obj. 19: Recognize the Gram stain morphology of isolated clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens*#
Clostridium difficile
35
Obj. 10: Select appropriate media and incubation conditions for culture of the clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens#: - Helicobacter pylori
Brucella Agar w/ 5% horse blood
36
Obj. 16: **Correlate patient symptoms or clinical presentations with major pathogen(s). #* - Symptoms developing within minutes to few hours
- S. aureus - B. cereus - C. perfringens - C. botulinum
37
Obj. 16: **Correlate patient symptoms or clinical presentations with major pathogen(s). #* - Symptoms developing after 1 or more days
All other relevant organisms included in objectives, with the exception: - S. aureus - B. cereus - C. perfringens - C. botulinum
38
Obj. 16: **Correlate patient symptoms or clinical presentations with major pathogen(s). #* - Rice Water Stools (severe dehydration, electrolyte imbalance)
Vibrio cholerae
39
Obj. 16: **Correlate patient symptoms or clinical presentations with major pathogen(s). #* - Pseudomembranous colitis (and megacolon)
Clostridium difficile
40
Obj. 16: **Correlate patient symptoms or clinical presentations with major pathogen(s). #* - HUS
Escherichia coli (O157:H7)
41
Obj. 16: **Correlate patient symptoms or clinical presentations with major pathogen(s). #* - Guillain-Barre Syndrome
Campylobacter jejuni
42
Obj. 16: **Correlate patient symptoms or clinical presentations with major pathogen(s). #* - Carrier state (in gall bladder)
Salmonella
43
Obj. 16: **Correlate patient symptoms or clinical presentations with major pathogen(s). #* - Peptic Ulcers
Helicobacter pylori
44
Obj. 16: **Correlate patient symptoms or clinical presentations with major pathogen(s). #* - Appendicitis-like illness (esp in children)
Yersinia enterocolitica
45
Obj. 16: **Correlate patient symptoms or clinical presentations with major pathogen(s). #* - Sepsis
- Salmonella - Listeria - Plesiomonas - Aeromonas
46
Obj. 17: **Recognize normal stool flora organisms which may be mistaken as pathogens on routine stool culture media
- Proteus spp. - Citrobacter spp.
47
# Clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens can be limited to the following: Obj. 20: **Correlate the bacterial pathogens with their reservoirs and modes of transmission#* (table 34-3 (pg 833) and 34-5 (pg 841) in textbook) Obj. 5: Discuss the clinical presentation and pathogenic mechanisms that contribute to the organisms’ pathogenesis of gastrointestinal illness#* - Vibrio cholerae
- Exposure to contaminated water, consumption of raw/undercooked seafood (i.e. shellfish) - No tissue invasion/enterotoxin production - Rice Water Stools (severe dehydration, electrolyte imbalance)
48
# Clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens can be limited to the following: Obj. 20: **Correlate the bacterial pathogens with their reservoirs and modes of transmission#* (table 34-3 (pg 833) and 34-5 (pg 841) in textbook) Obj. 5: Discuss the clinical presentation and pathogenic mechanisms that contribute to the organisms’ pathogenesis of gastrointestinal illness#* - Vibrio parahemolyticus, vulnificus
- Consumption of raw/undercooked seafood (i.e. shellfish), exposure to contaminated water - Mild diarrhea - Invasion through gut wall into bloodstream (i.e. V. vulnificus)
49
# Clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens can be limited to the following: Obj. 20: **Correlate the bacterial pathogens with their reservoirs and modes of transmission#* (table 34-3 (pg 833) and 34-5 (pg 841) in textbook) - Shigella
- Egg and tuna salads, lettuce, milk - Fecal-oral, man-to-man
50
# Clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens can be limited to the following: Obj. 20: **Correlate the bacterial pathogens with their reservoirs and modes of transmission#* (table 34-3 (pg 833) and 34-5 (pg 841) in textbook) - Escherichia coli (O157:H7)
- Undercooked ground beef, unpasterized dairy products - Consuming and exposure to contamination
51
# Clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens can be limited to the following: Obj. 20: **Correlate the bacterial pathogens with their reservoirs and modes of transmission#* (table 34-3 (pg 833) and 34-5 (pg 841) in textbook) - Salmonella
- Chicken, beef, eggs, dairy
52
# Clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens can be limited to the following: Obj. 20: **Correlate the bacterial pathogens with their reservoirs and modes of transmission#* (table 34-3 (pg 833) and 34-5 (pg 841) in textbook) - Listeria
- Packaged lunch meats, hot dogs, dairy
53
# Clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens can be limited to the following: Obj. 20: **Correlate the bacterial pathogens with their reservoirs and modes of transmission#* (table 34-3 (pg 833) and 34-5 (pg 841) in textbook) - Yersinia enterocolitica and pseudotuberculosis
- Milk, pork - Consuming contamination, contact w/ animals
54
# Clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens can be limited to the following: Obj. 20: **Correlate the bacterial pathogens with their reservoirs and modes of transmission#* (table 34-3 (pg 833) and 34-5 (pg 841) in textbook) Obj. 5: Discuss the clinical presentation and pathogenic mechanisms that contribute to the organisms’ pathogenesis of gastrointestinal illness#* - Campylobacter jejuni
- Transmitted via contaminated food (i.e. undercooked chicken) - Invasion of the bowel mucosal surface - fever, blood in stool - Guillain-Barre Syndrome
55
# Clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens can be limited to the following: Obj. 20: **Correlate the bacterial pathogens with their reservoirs and modes of transmission#* (table 34-3 (pg 833) and 34-5 (pg 841) in textbook) Obj. 5: Discuss the clinical presentation and pathogenic mechanisms that contribute to the organisms’ pathogenesis of gastrointestinal illness#* - Plesiomonas
- Soil, fresh/brackish water - Consumption of raw/undercooked seafood (i.e. shellfish) - Toxin production (cholera-like) - Mild diarrhea, Septicemia
56
# Clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens can be limited to the following: Obj. 20: **Correlate the bacterial pathogens with their reservoirs and modes of transmission#* (table 34-3 (pg 833) and 34-5 (pg 841) in textbook) Obj. 5: Discuss the clinical presentation and pathogenic mechanisms that contribute to the organisms’ pathogenesis of gastrointestinal illness#* - Aeromonas
- Fresh/brackish water - Exposure to contaminated water - Toxin production (not cholera-like) - Mild diarrhea, Septicemia
57
# Clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens can be limited to the following: Obj. 20: **Correlate the bacterial pathogens with their reservoirs and modes of transmission#* (table 34-3 (pg 833) and 34-5 (pg 841) in textbook) - Clostridium difficile
- Toxin production - Pseudomembranous colitis (and megacolon)
58
# Clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens can be limited to the following: Obj. 20: **Correlate the bacterial pathogens with their reservoirs and modes of transmission#* (table 34-3 (pg 833) and 34-5 (pg 841) in textbook) Obj. 5: Discuss the clinical presentation and pathogenic mechanisms that contribute to the organisms’ pathogenesis of gastrointestinal illness#* - Helicobacter pylori
- Peptic Ulcers
59
# Clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens can be limited to the following: Obj. 20: **Correlate the bacterial pathogens with their reservoirs and modes of transmission#* (table 34-3 (pg 833) and 34-5 (pg 841) in textbook) - Staphylococcus aureus
contam. food from infected food handler
60
# Clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens can be limited to the following: Obj. 20: **Correlate the bacterial pathogens with their reservoirs and modes of transmission#* (table 34-3 (pg 833) and 34-5 (pg 841) in textbook) - Bacillus cereus
meat, poultry, fried rice
61
# Clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens can be limited to the following: Obj. 20: **Correlate the bacterial pathogens with their reservoirs and modes of transmission#* (table 34-3 (pg 833) and 34-5 (pg 841) in textbook) - Clostridium perfringens
- Meats, gravy
62
# Clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens can be limited to the following: Obj. 20: **Correlate the bacterial pathogens with their reservoirs and modes of transmission#* (table 34-3 (pg 833) and 34-5 (pg 841) in textbook) - Clostridium botulinum
- Canned foods (intoxication) , honey (infection)

IUMICRO (25 decks)

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