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IUMICRO > Gastrointestinal Cultures > Flashcards

Gastrointestinal Cultures Flashcards

1
Q

Obj. 1: Outline the path food takes through the anatomical regions of the gastrointestinal tract

A

Mouth — Esophagus — Stomach — Small Intestine — Large Intestine — Rectum — Anus

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2
Q

Obj. 2: Recognize mechanisms present in the host that help to prevent infection

A
  • Acidic environment of the stomach
  • Peristalsis of small intestines
  • Secretion of IgA in small intestines and colon
  • Normal gut microbiota
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3
Q

Obj. 3: Identify members of the normal adult bowel flora

A
  • Enterobacterales (i.e. E. coli, Kleb., Enterobacter, etc.)
  • Enterococcus
  • Streptococcus (Grp. D)
  • Bacteroides fragilis grp.
  • Fusobacterium spp.
  • Clostridium spp.
  • Peptostreptococcus anaerobius (anaerobic cocci)
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4
Q

Obj. 4: List the clinical signs of dehydration

A
  • Sunken appearance to the eyes
  • Dry Oral Membranes
  • Loss of skin resiliency
  • Decrease in blood pressure
  • Mental confusion
  • Tachycardia
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5
Q

Obj. 6: Differentiate between infections and intoxications based on symptoms and timing of onset

A

Infections
- Symptoms: Fever
- Timing: 1-3 days

Intoxications
- Symptoms: No fever
- Timing: within hours

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6
Q

Obj. 7: Recognize the organisms that are responsible for intoxications rather than infections

A
  • S. aureus
  • B. cereus
  • C. perfringens
  • C. botulinum
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7
Q

Obj. 9: Identify the transport medium recommended for stool specimens, especially for culture of Vibrio species

A

Modified Cary-Blair

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8
Q

Obj. 12: List the stool pathogens that must be serologically typed after they are identified in the laboratory

A
  • Shigella
  • Salmonella
  • E. coli O157:H7
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9
Q

Obj. 13: Discuss the procedure and rational for typing the above pathogens

A

To confirm ID of isolate and for epidemiologic tracking

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10
Q

Obj. 10: Select appropriate media and incubation conditions for culture of the clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens#:
- Vibrio cholerae

Obj. 11: Recognize the appearance of these pathogens# on the above media (if appropriate)

A

TCBS agar (selective for GNRs, differential for sucrose utilization)
CHO+ (yellow colonies)
(SBA agar: oxidase positive)
Incubation: Ambient Air

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11
Q

Obj. 10: Select appropriate media and incubation conditions for culture of the clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens#:
- Vibrio parahaemolyticus

Obj. 11: Recognize the appearance of these pathogens# on the above media (if appropriate)

A

TCBS agar (selective for GNRs, differential for sucrose utilization)
CHO = (green colonies)
(SBA agar: oxidase positive)
Incubation: Ambient Air

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12
Q

Obj. 10: Select appropriate media and incubation conditions for culture of the clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens#:
- Vibrio vulnificus

Obj. 11: Recognize the appearance of these pathogens# on the above media (if appropriate)

A

TCBS agar (selective for GNRs, differential for sucrose utilization)
CHO = (green colonies)
MAC: Some are lactose + (pink colonies)
(SBA agar: oxidase positive)
Incubation: Ambient Air

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13
Q

Obj. 18: Identify clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens# when given biochemical results
- Vibrio spp.

A

String Test +
Vibrostatic 0/129: Susceptible

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14
Q

Obj. 19: Recognize the Gram stain morphology of isolated clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens*#

A

Vibrio spp.

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15
Q

Obj. 10: Select appropriate media and incubation conditions for culture of the clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens#:
- Shigella

Obj. 11: Recognize the appearance of these pathogens# on the above media (if appropriate)

A

MAC: lactose = (clear colonies)
HEK/XLD: lactose & “other” sugars = (green/red colonies)
Incubation: Ambient Air

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16
Q

Obj. 18: Identify clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens# when given biochemical results
- Shigella

A

Phenylalanine =, Urease =, H2S =
IMVICU (++—- or -+—-), lactose =, lysine =, motility =
Serotyping required to confirm ID

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17
Q

Obj. 10: Select appropriate media and incubation conditions for culture of the clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens#:
- E. coli (O157:H7)

Obj. 11: Recognize the appearance of these pathogens# on the above media (if appropriate)

A

SMAC (selective for GNRs, differential for sorbitol utilization)
Sorbitol = (clear colonies)
Incubation: Ambient Air

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18
Q

Obj. 18: Identify clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens# when given biochemical results
- E. coli (O157:H7)

A

Phenylalanine =, Urease =, H2S =
IMVICU (++—- ), lactose +/=, lysine +/=, motility +/=
(MUG =)
Serotyping required to confirm ID

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19
Q

Obj. 10: Select appropriate media and incubation conditions for culture of the clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens#:
- Salmonella

Obj. 11: Recognize the appearance of these pathogens# on the above media (if appropriate)

A

MAC: lactose = (clear colonies)
HEK/XLD: lactose & “other” sugars = (black/black colonies)
Incubation: Ambient Air

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20
Q

Obj. 18: Identify clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens# when given biochemical results
- Salmonella

A

Phenylalanine =, Urease =, H2S +
Lactose =, Citrate +, Lysine +
Serotyping required to confirm ID

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21
Q

Obj. 10: Select appropriate media and incubation conditions for culture of the clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens#:
- Listeria

Obj. 11: Recognize the appearance of these pathogens# on the above media (if appropriate)

A

SBA
Incubation: CO2

Resembles Beta Strep

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22
Q

Obj. 18: Identify clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens# when given biochemical results
- Listeria

A

Catalase +, Umbrella motility at 25 deg., Bile Esculin +

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23
Q

Obj. 19: Recognize the Gram stain morphology of isolated clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens*#

A

Listeria spp.

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24
Q

Obj. 10: Select appropriate media and incubation conditions for culture of the clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens#:
- Yersinia enterolitica and pseudotuberculosis

A

MAC/CIN/YSA at 22-28 deg.

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25
Q

Obj. 18: Identify clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens# when given biochemical results
- Yersinia enterolitica and pseudotuberculosis

A

Motile at 22 deg, nonmotile at 37 deg.
Urease +

26
Q

Obj. 10: Select appropriate media and incubation conditions for culture of the clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens#:
- Campylobacter jejuni

Obj. 11: Recognize the appearance of these pathogens# on the above media (if appropriate)

A

Blood based: Campy/CVA, Skirrow
Charcoal based: CCDA, CSM
Incubation: 42 deg. of 5% O2, 10% CO2, 85% N2 (48 hours)

Gray, Flat, Spreading colonies

27
Q

Obj. 18: Identify clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens# when given biochemical results
- Campylobacter jejuni

A

Oxidase, Catalase +
Hippurate Hydrolysis +

28
Q

Obj. 19: Recognize the Gram stain morphology of isolated clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens*#

A

Campylobacter spp.

29
Q

Obj. 10: Select appropriate media and incubation conditions for culture of the clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens#:
- Plesiomonas

A

BAP
Incubation: CO2

30
Q

Obj. 18: Identify clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens# when given biochemical results
- Plesiomonas

A

Oxidase +
Lysine +, Ornithine +, Arginine +

31
Q

Obj. 10: Select appropriate media and incubation conditions for culture of the clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens#:
- Aeromonas

Obj. 11: Recognize the appearance of these pathogens# on the above media (if appropriate)

A

BAP
Incubation: CO2

Yellow-pigmented, beta-hemolytic colonies

32
Q

Obj. 18: Identify clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens# when given biochemical results
- Aeromonas

A

Oxidase +
Vibriostatic Agent O/129 (Resistant)
Inability to grow in 6% NaCl

33
Q

Obj. 10: Select appropriate media and incubation conditions for culture of the clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens#:
- Clostridium difficile

Obj. 11: Recognize the appearance of these pathogens# on the above media (if appropriate)

A

CCFA
Incubation: Anaerobic

Cis appearance (BAP)

34
Q

Obj. 19: Recognize the Gram stain morphology of isolated clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens*#

A

Clostridium difficile

35
Q

Obj. 10: Select appropriate media and incubation conditions for culture of the clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens#:
- Helicobacter pylori

A

Brucella Agar w/ 5% horse blood

36
Q

Obj. 16: **Correlate patient symptoms or clinical presentations with major pathogen(s). #*
- Symptoms developing within minutes to few hours

A
  • S. aureus
  • B. cereus
  • C. perfringens
  • C. botulinum
37
Q

Obj. 16: **Correlate patient symptoms or clinical presentations with major pathogen(s). #*
- Symptoms developing after 1 or more days

A

All other relevant organisms included in objectives, with the exception:
- S. aureus
- B. cereus
- C. perfringens
- C. botulinum

38
Q

Obj. 16: **Correlate patient symptoms or clinical presentations with major pathogen(s). #*
- Rice Water Stools (severe dehydration, electrolyte imbalance)

A

Vibrio cholerae

39
Q

Obj. 16: **Correlate patient symptoms or clinical presentations with major pathogen(s). #*
- Pseudomembranous colitis (and megacolon)

A

Clostridium difficile

40
Q

Obj. 16: **Correlate patient symptoms or clinical presentations with major pathogen(s). #*
- HUS

A

Escherichia coli (O157:H7)

41
Q

Obj. 16: **Correlate patient symptoms or clinical presentations with major pathogen(s). #*
- Guillain-Barre Syndrome

A

Campylobacter jejuni

42
Q

Obj. 16: **Correlate patient symptoms or clinical presentations with major pathogen(s). #*
- Carrier state (in gall bladder)

A

Salmonella

43
Q

Obj. 16: **Correlate patient symptoms or clinical presentations with major pathogen(s). #*
- Peptic Ulcers

A

Helicobacter pylori

44
Q

Obj. 16: **Correlate patient symptoms or clinical presentations with major pathogen(s). #*
- Appendicitis-like illness (esp in children)

A

Yersinia enterocolitica

45
Q

Obj. 16: **Correlate patient symptoms or clinical presentations with major pathogen(s). #*
- Sepsis

A
  • Salmonella
  • Listeria
  • Plesiomonas
  • Aeromonas
46
Q

Obj. 17: **Recognize normal stool flora organisms which may be mistaken as pathogens on routine stool culture media

A
  • Proteus spp.
  • Citrobacter spp.
47
Q

Clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens can be limited to the following:

Obj. 20: **Correlate the bacterial pathogens with their reservoirs and modes of transmission#* (table 34-3 (pg 833) and 34-5 (pg 841) in textbook)

Obj. 5: Discuss the clinical presentation and pathogenic mechanisms that contribute to the organisms’ pathogenesis of gastrointestinal illness#*

  • Vibrio cholerae
A
  • Exposure to contaminated water, consumption of raw/undercooked seafood (i.e. shellfish)
  • No tissue invasion/enterotoxin production
  • Rice Water Stools (severe dehydration, electrolyte imbalance)
48
Q

Clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens can be limited to the following:

Obj. 20: **Correlate the bacterial pathogens with their reservoirs and modes of transmission#* (table 34-3 (pg 833) and 34-5 (pg 841) in textbook)

Obj. 5: Discuss the clinical presentation and pathogenic mechanisms that contribute to the organisms’ pathogenesis of gastrointestinal illness#*

  • Vibrio parahemolyticus, vulnificus
A
  • Consumption of raw/undercooked seafood (i.e. shellfish), exposure to
    contaminated water
  • Mild diarrhea
  • Invasion through gut wall into bloodstream (i.e. V. vulnificus)
49
Q

Clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens can be limited to the following:

Obj. 20: **Correlate the bacterial pathogens with their reservoirs and modes of transmission#* (table 34-3 (pg 833) and 34-5 (pg 841) in textbook)
- Shigella

A
  • Egg and tuna salads, lettuce, milk
  • Fecal-oral, man-to-man
50
Q

Clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens can be limited to the following:

Obj. 20: **Correlate the bacterial pathogens with their reservoirs and modes of transmission#* (table 34-3 (pg 833) and 34-5 (pg 841) in textbook)
- Escherichia coli (O157:H7)

A
  • Undercooked ground beef, unpasterized dairy products
  • Consuming and exposure to contamination
51
Q

Clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens can be limited to the following:

Obj. 20: **Correlate the bacterial pathogens with their reservoirs and modes of transmission#* (table 34-3 (pg 833) and 34-5 (pg 841) in textbook)
- Salmonella

A
  • Chicken, beef, eggs, dairy
52
Q

Clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens can be limited to the following:

Obj. 20: **Correlate the bacterial pathogens with their reservoirs and modes of transmission#* (table 34-3 (pg 833) and 34-5 (pg 841) in textbook)
- Listeria

A
  • Packaged lunch meats, hot dogs, dairy
53
Q

Clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens can be limited to the following:

Obj. 20: **Correlate the bacterial pathogens with their reservoirs and modes of transmission#* (table 34-3 (pg 833) and 34-5 (pg 841) in textbook)
- Yersinia enterocolitica and pseudotuberculosis

A
  • Milk, pork
  • Consuming contamination, contact w/ animals
54
Q

Clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens can be limited to the following:

Obj. 20: **Correlate the bacterial pathogens with their reservoirs and modes of transmission#* (table 34-3 (pg 833) and 34-5 (pg 841) in textbook)

Obj. 5: Discuss the clinical presentation and pathogenic mechanisms that contribute to the organisms’ pathogenesis of gastrointestinal illness#*

  • Campylobacter jejuni
A
  • Transmitted via contaminated food (i.e. undercooked chicken)
  • Invasion of the bowel mucosal surface - fever, blood in stool
  • Guillain-Barre Syndrome
55
Q

Clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens can be limited to the following:

Obj. 20: **Correlate the bacterial pathogens with their reservoirs and modes of transmission#* (table 34-3 (pg 833) and 34-5 (pg 841) in textbook)

Obj. 5: Discuss the clinical presentation and pathogenic mechanisms that contribute to the organisms’ pathogenesis of gastrointestinal illness#*

  • Plesiomonas
A
  • Soil, fresh/brackish water
  • Consumption of raw/undercooked seafood (i.e. shellfish)
  • Toxin production (cholera-like)
  • Mild diarrhea, Septicemia
56
Q

Clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens can be limited to the following:

Obj. 20: **Correlate the bacterial pathogens with their reservoirs and modes of transmission#* (table 34-3 (pg 833) and 34-5 (pg 841) in textbook)

Obj. 5: Discuss the clinical presentation and pathogenic mechanisms that contribute to the organisms’ pathogenesis of gastrointestinal illness#*

  • Aeromonas
A
  • Fresh/brackish water
  • Exposure to contaminated water
  • Toxin production (not cholera-like)
  • Mild diarrhea, Septicemia
57
Q

Clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens can be limited to the following:

Obj. 20: **Correlate the bacterial pathogens with their reservoirs and modes of transmission#* (table 34-3 (pg 833) and 34-5 (pg 841) in textbook)
- Clostridium difficile

A
  • Toxin production
  • Pseudomembranous colitis (and megacolon)
58
Q

Clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens can be limited to the following:

Obj. 20: **Correlate the bacterial pathogens with their reservoirs and modes of transmission#* (table 34-3 (pg 833) and 34-5 (pg 841) in textbook)

Obj. 5: Discuss the clinical presentation and pathogenic mechanisms that contribute to the organisms’ pathogenesis of gastrointestinal illness#*

  • Helicobacter pylori
A
  • Peptic Ulcers
59
Q

Clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens can be limited to the following:

Obj. 20: **Correlate the bacterial pathogens with their reservoirs and modes of transmission#* (table 34-3 (pg 833) and 34-5 (pg 841) in textbook)
- Staphylococcus aureus

A

contam. food from infected food handler

60
Q

Clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens can be limited to the following:

Obj. 20: **Correlate the bacterial pathogens with their reservoirs and modes of transmission#* (table 34-3 (pg 833) and 34-5 (pg 841) in textbook)
- Bacillus cereus

A

meat, poultry, fried rice

61
Q

Clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens can be limited to the following:

Obj. 20: **Correlate the bacterial pathogens with their reservoirs and modes of transmission#* (table 34-3 (pg 833) and 34-5 (pg 841) in textbook)
- Clostridium perfringens

A
  • Meats, gravy
62
Q

Clinically significant, bacterial, enteric pathogens can be limited to the following:

Obj. 20: **Correlate the bacterial pathogens with their reservoirs and modes of transmission#* (table 34-3 (pg 833) and 34-5 (pg 841) in textbook)
- Clostridium botulinum

A
  • Canned foods (intoxication) , honey (infection)

IUMICRO (25 decks)

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