Basic Terminology Flashcards
Define:
Abscess
localization of pus in a walled-off area
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Acute infection
infection with sudden onset and usually shorter duration
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Bacteremia
- Transient?
- Septicemia (sepsis)?
presence of bacteria in blood
- "just passing through," temporary - bacteremia with multiplication of bacteria and host signs/symptoms
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Carriers (carrier state)
host harboring a pathogen without manifesting symptoms
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Cellulitis
involvement and spreads between layers of subcutaneous tissues
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Chronic infection
long standing infection
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CDC
Centers of Disease Control and Prevention
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Commensal
one benefits but no harm to other
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Dissemination
spread of infection to distant sites
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Edema
accumulation of fluid in tissues due to increased vascularization
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Endemic
disease or organism indigenous to a certain geographic area
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Endogenous infection
infection from host’s own flora
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Epidemic
disease affecting large number of people in geographical area
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Erythema
redness (increased blood flow to area)
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Exogenous infection
agent acquired from outside of host’s body
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Flora
“usual,” “normal”: indigenous, frequently found in that body site in healthy individuals
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Granuloma
chronic inflammation with collection of macrophages, usually forming small nodules
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Latrogenic infection
occurs as result of medical procedure (i.e. transplant, urine catherization, etc.)
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Invasion
ability to penetrate and grow in tissues
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Latent infection
infectious agent is present, but not active
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Morbidity
number of cases of a disease
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Mortality
number of deaths caused by a disease
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Necrosis
cell/tissue death, usually caused by enzymes or restriction of blood flow
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Nosomical
hospital acquired
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Opportunistic pathogen
cause disease only if host is compromised
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Parasite
one organism benefits at expense of another
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Pathogen/Virulent
capable of causing disease
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Phagocytosis
ingestion by WBC
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Symbiotic
both benefit
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True Pathogen
cause disease in healthy, immune competent individuals
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Virulence
ability to cause disease
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Zoonotic
acquired from contact with animals
