Gastroenterology Flashcards
What familial cancer syndrome has an association with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia?
Juvenile polyposis syndrome
What is Mirrizzi syndrome?
When a gallstone becomes impacted in the cystic duct or neck of gallbladder causing compression of CBD and obstruction/jaundice
What age should screening for colon cancer in black patients start? (Given average risk)
40
When should a patient undergo full colonoscopy if there are findings on flex sig?
If any adenomas found or polyps > 5mm
What area of the colon if involved in ulcerative colitis actually has a lot less risk of developing colon cancer?
Proctilitis
How long after onset of IBD (UC or Crohns) do you start colon cancer screening?
8 years
When do you start colon cancer screening in patients with 1 first degree relative with CRC but no syndrome?
Age 40 or 10 years younger than the age of diagnosis of family member
Follow up colonoscopies are done every 5 years no matter what is found
What age does colon cancer screening start for Lynch syndrome?
20-25 years old
Besides colon cancer screening what other cancer screens are needed for people with Lynch syndrome?
Annual Transvaginal US age 25-30
Annual urine cytology
+/- upper endoscopy
When do you start colon cancer screening in familial adenomatous polyposis?
Age 10-12
What HIV medication is known for causing pancreatitis?
Didanosine
What pancreatic disorder presents with a “sausage-shaped” gland?
Autoimmune pancreatitis
What is main treatment of autoimmune pancreatitis?
Corticosteroids
What is the most common type of pancreatic cyst?
IPMN
What hormone is secreted in Verner Morrison syndrome?
VIPoma
What pancreatic neuro endocrine tumor is associated with necrolytic migratory erythema?
Glucagonoma
Which 3 conditions are known to cause indeterminate HIDA scan?
Acalculous cholecystitis
Prolonged fasting
Chronic alcoholism
What is Charcot triad?
Fever
Jaundice
Pain
What infection is associated with gallbladder cancer?
Chronic infection with Salmonella typhi
What infection is associated with development of cholangiocarcinoma?
Chronic infection with liver flukes
What structural lesion is associated with Cameron lesions/upper GI bleed?
Hiatal hernia - causes mechanical trauma
How long do you need to be off PPI, H2 blockers, and antibiotics before testing for H pylori?
2 weeks
24-48 hours
4 weeks
What h pylori complications require eradication testing to be done 4-6 weeks after treatment?
PUD
MALT lymphoma
Respected gastric cancer
Persistent dyspepsia despite treatment
What stool osmotic gap is associated with an osmotic diarrhea?
> 100
What stool osmotic gap is associated with secretory diarrhea?
What amount of residual ileum is associated with bile acid malabsorption disorders?
What condition causes diarrhea with PAS+ macrophages that are acid fast negative?
Whipple disease
What test diagnoses a protein malabsorption?
Alpha 1 anti trypsin level in stool
What defines short bowel syndrome?
What grains need to be avoided in celiac disease?
Wheat, barley, rye
+/- oats x 1 year at least
What is the dose of albumin to treat SBP with elevated creatinine (>1.5)?
1.5 g/day until day 3 then decrease to 1g/day
A serum-ascites albumin gradient of >1.1 or a greater total ascites protein greater than 2.5 is indicative of what cause of ascites?
Heart failure or constrictive pericarditis
