Cardiology Flashcards
Which type of SVT has a slow and fast pathway?
AVNRT
Which type of SVT is WPW?
AVRT
What are two causes of prominent v waves in venous pulsations?
Severe tricuspid regurge
Poor ventricular compliance
How do you determine a retrograde p wave on EKG?
Negative p wave in lead II
Positive p wave in aVR
What is most common location of start of atrial flutter?
Tricuspid annulus/valve
When should you consider mitral valve repair in primary MR?
Class C 2- LVEF 40mm
What genetic condition presents with: Craniosynostosis Aortic disease/aneurysm Features similar to Marfans Brigid uvula or cleft palate
Loeys-Dietz syndrome
What structure differentiates a Type A front Type B thoracic aortic aneurysm?
Left subclavian artery
What is main treatment of aortic atheroma?
Statin
+/- antiplatelet or warfarin is h/o CVA
When should AAA be repaired?
> 5.5 cm or if growing >0.5 cm/yr
When should thoracic aortic aneurysm be repaired in Marfans patient?
> 5 cm or >4 cm if woman planning on pregnancy
When should thoracic aortic aneurysm be repaired in a patient with Loeys-Dietz syndrome?
~4.5 cm
What type of stent should be avoided in CAD associated with previous chest irradiation?
Bare metal - 80% restenosis rate
Which cancers are most likely associated with pericarditis?
Lymphoma
Leukemia
Breast
Lung
What is anti-inflammatory agent is 1st choice for acute pericarditis in setting of MI?
Aspirin - NSAIDs associated with increased myo fibrosis
What endocrine disorder should be tested for if new pericardial effusion?
Hypothyroidism
What condition is likely present if echo shows diastolic collapse of right atrial or ventricular wall?
Cardiac tamponade
What ABI is associated with severe PAD?
What is the cause of an ABI of > 1.4?
Severely calcified vessels and an uninterpretable result
What decrease in ABI during exercise testing is associated with diagnosis of PAD?
20% reduction
What location is open repair over endovascular repair for PAD?
Deep/common femoral artery
What enzyme replacement is done for Fabry’s disease causing restrictive cardiomyopathy?
Alpha galactosidase A replacement
Where is the location of most cardiac myxomas?
Left atrium
What heart defect is associated with Holt Oram syndrome?
ASD
What structure in the heart are sinus venosis ASDs located near?
SVC
What congenital heart defect is associated with fixed split S2, JVD, parasternal impulse and systolic flow murmur at left intercostal space?
ASD
What other congenital heart lesion is associated with sinus venosis ASDs?
Partial anomalous pulmonary venous drainage
What pulmonary to systemic blood flow (Qp:Qs) requires closure of VSD?
> 2
Or h/o endocarditis
