gastro med surg

Question 1

what digestive enzymes does the pancreas secrete

Answer 1

amylase
protease
lipase

Question 2

what does the enzyme amylase break down

Answer 2

carbs into glucose

Question 3

what does the enzyme protease break down

Answer 3

proteins

Question 4

what does the enzyme lipase break down

Answer 4

fats

Question 5

causes of acute pancreatitis

Answer 5

-tumor
-infection
-trauma
-meds
-alcohol
-gallstones

Question 6

where in the abd will pancreatitits pain be felt

Answer 6

LUQ inthe mid epigastric

Question 7

bluish discoloration at the flanks is called what? and what is it a sign of

Answer 7

grey-turners sign which indicates pancreatitis

Question 8

bluish discoloration at the belly button is called what and indicates?

Answer 8

cullens sign and pancreatitis

Question 9

gastro sxs of pancreatitis

Answer 9

-LUQ mid epigastric pain
-abd guarding
-board like abd
-N/V

Question 10

systemic signs of pancreatitis

Answer 10

-fever

Question 11

cardio sxs of pancreatitis

Answer 11

increased HR
decreased BP

Question 12

pancreatitis causes mneumonic

Answer 12

TITMAG

Question 13

neuro sxs of pancreatitis

Answer 13

-confusion
-agitiation

Question 14

endocrine sxs of pancreatitis

Answer 14

-elevated glucose

Question 15

integumentary sxs of pancreatitis

Answer 15

-grey turners sign
-cullens sign

Question 16

signs of pancreatitis

Answer 16

Neuro:
-agitation
-confusion
Cardio:
-increased HR
-decreased BP
GI:
-nausea/vomiting
-board like abdomen
-LUQ epigastric pain
-abd guarding
Endocrine:
-elevated glucose
Integumentary:
-cullens sign
-grey turners sign
fever

Question 17

gastro signs of chronic pancreatitis

Answer 17

-chronic epigastric pain or no pain
-steatorrhea (fatty stools)
-jaundice
-weight loss
-pain increased w alcohol or fatty meals

Question 18

endocrine signs of chronic pancreatitis

Answer 18

-diabetes

Question 19

urinary sxs of chronic pancreatitis

Answer 19

-dark urine

Question 20

meds for pancreatitis

Answer 20

-opioids
-antibiotics
-insulin
-PPIs
-H2 antagonists
-antacids

Question 21

what to monitor for pancreatitis pt

Answer 21

-glucose
-BP
-I&O
-lab values
-stools

Question 22

what position should pacreatitis pt be placed in

Answer 22

side lying/fetal position

Question 23

what position should pancreatitis pt not be put in

Answer 23

supine

Question 24

how should pancreatitis pt be given fluids

Answer 24

through IV and kept NPO

Question 25

protein intake education for pancreatitis pt

Answer 25

increase protein

Question 26

alcohol intake education for pancreatitis pt

Answer 26

no alcohol

Question 27

sugar intake education for pancreatitis pt

Answer 27

limit sugars

Question 28

fat intake education for pancreatitis pt

Answer 28

decrease fats

Question 29

carb intake education for pancreatitis pt

Answer 29

only complex carbs

Question 30

examples of complex carbs

Answer 30

-fruits -vegetables -grains

Question 31

causes of chronic pancreatitis

Answer 31

-reoccuring acute pancreatitis -excessive alcohol -cystic fibrosis

Question 32

labs to get to dx pancreatitis

Answer 32

-amylase -lipase -WBCs -bilirubin -glucose -platelets -calcium -magnesium

Question 33

how will amylase and lipase lvls be in pancreatitis pt

Answer 33

increased

Question 34

how will WBCs be in pancreatitis pt

Answer 34

increased

Question 35

how will bilirubin lvls be in pancreatitis pt

Answer 35

increased

Question 36

how will glucose lvls be in pancreatitis pt

Answer 36

increased

Question 37

how will platelet lvls be in pancreatitis pt

Answer 37

decreased

Question 38

how will calcium lvls be in pancreatitis pt

Answer 38

decreased

Question 39

how will magnesium lvls be in pancreatitis pt

Answer 39

decreased

Question 40

inflammation in the GI tract from mouth to anus causes

Answer 40

chrohns disease

Question 41

signs of chrohns disease

Answer 41

-cobble stone appearance in GI tract -abd cramping after meals -mucus like diarrhea (semi solid) -abd distension -N/V -fever

Question 42

inflammation and ulceration of the large intestine and rectum causes

Answer 42

ulcerative colitis

Question 43

is there a cure for chron's disease

Answer 43

no

Question 44

s/s of ulcerative colitis

Answer 44

-rectal bleeding -bloody diarrhea -abd cramping -increased HR -decreased BP -hypovolemic shock -malnutrition -dehydration -vitamin K deficiency

Question 45

what to monitor in ulcerative colitis pt

Answer 45

-bowel sounds -bowel perforation -peritonitis -hemorrhage -stool

Question 46

what are 2 inflammatory bowel diseases

Answer 46

chron's disease ulcerative colitis

Question 47

fluids and nutrition for inflammatory bowel disease pts

Answer 47

NPO IV fluids IV electrolytes Parenteral nutrition

Question 48

diet education for pt w inflammatory bowel disease

Answer 48

-clear liquids -increase proteins -vitamins and iron supplements -avoid gas forming foods -no smoking

Question 49

meds for inflammatory bowel disease

Answer 49

-corticosteroids -immunosuppressants -antidiarrheals -salicylate compounds

Question 50

causes of hepatitis

Answer 50

-viruses -alcohol use -hepatotoxic meds

Question 51

what hepititis viruses have vaccines

Answer 51

hep A& B

Question 52

GI s/s of hepatitis

Answer 52

-N/V -abd pain -loss of appetite -jaundice -clay colored stool

Question 53

urine sxs of hepatitis

Answer 53

-dark colored urine

Question 54

systemic sxs of hepatitis

Answer 54

-flu like sxs

Question 55

which hepatitis viruses are caused by fecal and oral

Answer 55

A&E

Question 56

which hepatitis virus is mostly in IV drug users

Answer 56

C

Question 57

which hepatitis is from body fluids

Answer 57

hep B

Question 58

which hepatitis virus only occurs with hep B

Answer 58

hep D

Question 59

what labs will be elevated in hepatitis

Answer 59

-AST -ALT -bilirubin -ammonia

Question 60

diet education for hepatitis pt

Answer 60

-small frequent meals -increase calories -increase carbs -decrease protein -decrease fat

Question 61

what causes cirrhosis

Answer 61

alcohol fatty liver disease

Question 62

what non alcoholic causes of fatty liver disease

Answer 62

-hep B&C -autoimmune disorder -hepatotoxic drugs -toxins/parasites -obesity -diabetes -high cholesterol

Question 63

neuro signs of cirrhosis

Answer 63

-asterixis (hand flapping)

Question 64

gastro signs of cirrhosis

Answer 64

-jaundice -ascites abd pain -chronic dyspepsia

Question 65

cardio signs of cirrhocis

Answer 65

-edema

Question 66

hematologic signs of cirrhosis

Answer 66

-increased bilirubin -increased ammonia -decreased platelets -decreased WBCs

Question 67

what are cirrhosis pts at risk for due to their hematologic sxs

Answer 67

-infection (decreased WBC) -bleeding (decreased platelets)

Question 68

meds for cirrhosis

Answer 68

-antacids -vitamins -diuretics -lactulose

Question 69

what meds should u avoid in pts w cirrhosis

Answer 69

-narcotics (they cant metabolize the drugs) -acetaminophen

Question 70

why do u give cirrhosis pt lactulose

Answer 70

decrease ammonia

Question 71

cirrhosis complications

Answer 71

-portal HTN -GI bleeding -splenomegaly -anemia -hepatic encephalopathy/coma -gynecomastia -hepatorenal syndrome

Question 72

what to monitor in cirrhosis pt

Answer 72

-bleeding -abdominal girth -weight -I&O

Question 73

what to do if cirrhosis pt has ascites

Answer 73

-paracentesis

Question 74

what is a paracentesis

Answer 74

removal of fluid from peritoneal cavity

Question 75

procedures for cirrhosis

Answer 75

-paracentesis -liver transplant

Question 76

integumentary sx's of cirrhosis

Answer 76

-pruritis

Question 77

bleeding precaution education for cirrhosis pt

Answer 77

-electric razor -soft bristled toothbrush -pressure on all venipuncture