Gastro Flashcards
Give the mucosa of the lip (histology)
- stratified squamous keratinising epithelium (at the skin margin)
- stratified squamous non-keratinising epithelium (in the mouth)
What is the muscle that surrounds the mouth called
- orbicularis oris muscle
- it is striated muscle
Give the mucosa on the ventral and dorsal surface of the tongue
- ventral surface has non keratinised stratified squamous epithelium
- dorsal surface has keratinised stratified squamous epithelium
Where do the extrinsic and intrinsic muscle fibres of the tongue attach to
- the extrinsic muscles attach to the lower jaw
- the intrinsic muscles attach to fibrous connective tiss under the mucosa
What are the papillae of the tongue
-the dorsum of the tongue has folds called papillae
Which papillae are most common and where are these usually located
-filliform papillae - tall, pointed and they cover the whole anterior 2/3 of the tongue
Which papillae are not so common and where are these usually located
-fungiform papillae - mushroom shaped and found at the tips and sides of the tongue
Where are taste buds usually found on the tongue
- on the lateral side of the fungiform papillae
- on the circumvallate papillae which separate the anterior 2/3 and posterior 1/3 of the tongue
Which papillae have taste buds and where are they located
- the circumvallate papillae
- v shaped row that separates the anterior 2/3 and posterior 1/3 of the tongue
What does the gland secretions of the parotid gland contain
-serous, enzyme rich secretions with alpha amylase that digest starch
What are the secretory cells of the parotid gland
-pyramidal with spherical nucleus
What type of epithelium lines the ducts that the acini drain into
-simple cuboidal epithelium that might become stratified at the end
What can striated ducts of the acini do to saliva
-adjust the ionic composition of saliva
What do the secretions of the sublingual gland contain
- sticky mucus that lubricates the mouth and bolus of food
- mucus made of high molecular weight mucopolysaccharide that is good at absorbing large amounts of water
What shape are the secretory cells of the sublingual glands
-appear swollen with oval nucleus squashed to the base of the cell
What do the secretions of the submandibular gland contain
-mix of serous and mucous secretions
What are the shapes of the secretory cells of the submandibular glands
-crescent shaped demi-lunes (half moons) which are the serous cells that lie at the end pf mucous secreting tubules
Which two salivary glands are major sources of epidermal growth factor that promote growth of the epithelium in the GI tract
- parotid gland
- submandibular gland
Give the epithelium of the surfaces of the epiglottis
- most of its surface is covered by stratified squamous epithelium
- the lower part of it’s posterior surface is covered by respiratory epithelium (pseudostratified columnar ciliated epithelium)
What are the four layers of the gastrointestinal tract
- innermost mucosa
- underlying submucosa
- external muscle coat (muscularis propria sometimes called muscularis externa)
- serosa (simple squamous epithelium covering the surface of the gut tube facing the peritoneal cavity)
Give the 3 layer components of the innermost mucosa in the GI tract
- lining epithelium (usually thrown into folds)
- lamina propria
- muscularis mucosa (ring of smooth muscle)
What does the submucosa in the GI tract contain
- glands and lymphoid tissue
- blood vessels that supply the gut
- Meissner’s plexus (part of the enteric nervous system)
What does the muscularis propria of the GI tract contain
- two layers of smooth muscle (circular and longitudinal), their contractions help to break up the food and propel it along the alimentary tract
- auerbach’s plexus (part of the enteric nervous system) in between the two layers of muscle
What epithelium lines the oesophagus
-stratified squamous non-keratinising epithelium