Gastro Flashcards
Failed involution of vitteline duct
Meckels diverticulum
Occurs when closure of the abdominal wall is incomplete
Abd.viscera herniates into VENTRAL membranous sac
Omphalocele
OLIVE sized abdominal mass on P.E.of the abdomen
Asso.with Turner syndrome and trisomy 18
Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis
Distal vs proximal segment in hirschprung disease
Distal segment- normal or contracted, absence of ganglion
Proximal segment- dilated, distended (megacolon)
Explosive passage of flatus and feces
Hirschprung dsea.
Mc outpatient GI dx
Most frequent cause of esophagitis
Reflux esophagitis
Patches of red, velvety mucosa extending upward from GEJ
Intestinal GOBLET cells are definitive dx
Barrets esophagus
Most frequent location of esophageal adenocarcinoma
Distal 1/3 of esophagus
Most frequent loc.of esophageal adenoca
Middle 1/3 of esophagus
Mcc of chronic gastritis
H.pylori
Pit abscess
Antral gastritis
MALT lymphoma
H. Pylori gastritis
Glandular atrophy of oxyntic mucosa
Megaloblastic change
Intestinal metaplasia
Antral endo. Hyperplasia
Autoimmune gastritis
4x more common in proximal duodenum (duodenal bulb) than the stomach
Punch out defect
Mucosal defect with clean edge
Necrotic ulcer base
PUD
Mc malignancy in the stomach
Gastric Adeno ca
True or false, PUD does not impart an increased risk of gastric ca
Tru
Linitis plastica (diffuse rugal flattening) Leather bottle appearance (rigid, thick wall)
Gastric adenoca
Islands,trabeculae, strands, glands or sheets of uniform cells
Salt and pepper chromatin
Carcinoid tumor
Mc messenchymal tumor of the abdomen
GIST
Tumoe marker for GIST
C- kit
Site at greatest risk for trnsmural infarction (bowel)
Splenic flexure
Enlargement of peyer’s patches
Oval ulcers
Typhoid nodules
Typhoid fever
Mucopurulent exudates forms an Eruption reminiscent of a volcano
Pseudomembranous colitis
DOC: metronidazole or oral vancomycin
Malabsorption diarrhea due to impaired lymphatic transport
Whipples disease
Triad of whipples dsea.
Diarrhea
Weight loss and malabsorption
Distended foamy macrophage
PAS positive, diastase resistant granules
Whipples dsea.
Broad base ulcer Pseudopolyps Toxic megacolon Inc. risk for colon ca Backwash ileitis Triggered by C. Deficile
UC
Limited to colon and rectum
Extraintestinal manifestation
Pancolitis
Left sided
UC
Multiple GI hamartomatous polpys and mucocutaneous hyperpigmentation
Peutz jeghers syndrome
Mc and clinically important neoplastic polyps
Colonic adenoma
–charac by presence of epith dysplasia
Villous adenomas has the highest risk of colorectal adenoca
True
Autosomal dominant disorder caused by mutation of the APL gene
Familial adenomatous polyps
How many polyps are necessart to dx of FAP
At least 100
Mc malignancy of the GI tract
Colorectal adeno ca
Most impt. Prognostic factor for colorectal ca
Dept
Meta
Mc site of metastasis for colorectal adeno Ca
Liver
Dilation of the inf.hemorrhoidal plexus
External hemorrhoids
Dilation of the superior hemorrhoidal plexus
Internal hemorrhoids
Org.most often identified in spontaneous bacterial peritonitis
E.coli
Dull and lusterless peritoneum
Peritonitis
Accounts for 50% of cases in acute haptic failure
Acetaminophen
Causes encephalopathy in hepatic failure
Hyperammonia
85% of bilirubin comes from?
Breakdown of senescent rbc
15% derived from turnover of hepatic heme or hemoproteins
Cannot be excreated in the urine
Kernicterus
Indirect
Unconjugated
Picornaviridae
Hepa A
Flaviviridae
Hepa C
Hepa dna viridae
Hepa B
Calciviridae
Hepa E
Hbv with enveloped ds DNA
Hepa B
Enveloped ssRNA
Hepa D
Naked ssRNA
Hepa A and E
Hbv, waterborne
Hepa E
Hbv, fecal oral
Hepa A
Hbv, hepatocellular ca
Hepa B and C
Hepa B sero.
Incubation period
HBsAg
HBeAg
Hepa B
Acute infection
sAg, eAg, anti c
Window period
Anti c
IgM
Complete recovery
Hepa b
Anti c, IgG, anti s
Chronic hepa b
sAg, eAg, IgG
Vaccinated
Anti s
Cutaneous lession found in gastric carcinoma
Seborrheic dermatitis
Leser trelat
Acanthosis nigricans
Erythema nodosum
