Environmental, Nutrition, Infectious Flashcards by medz baquiran

Inhibit ferrochelatase –> iron laden macrophage (ringed sideroblast)

Microcytic hypochromic anemia

Saturine gout

Lead poisoning

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Cherry red color

CO (acute poisoning)

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Contaminated fish

Dental amalgams

Mercury poisoning

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The main protective mechanism against mercury poisoning

Glutathione

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Transverse bands in nails (mee’s lines)
Milk and roses complexion
Hyperkeratosis

Arsenic poisoning

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Mc exogenous cause of human cancer

Most preventable cause of death

Tobacco

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Most widely used and abused drug

Alcohol

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Enzyme that metabolized alcohol

Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase

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Curling ulcer

Gastric ulcer

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Majolin ulcer

Squamous cell ca

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Mc hyperthermic syndrome

Heat exhaustion

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Nitrosylation of ryanodine receptor type 1 (RYR1)

Malignant hyperthermia

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Anesthetic drug are implicated in malignant hyperthermia

Halothane succinylcholine

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Doc for malignant hyperthermia

Dantrolene

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Trench foot

Hypothermia

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Most radiosensitive tissue

Lymphoid tissue

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Least radiosensitive

Bone

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Deficiency of all nutrient pero better prognosis?

Emacited, broomstick extremities

Marasmus

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Mc form of PEM

Protein deprivation

Kwashiokor (MEAL)
Malnutirtion
Edema
Anemia
Liver fatty, due to dec.apolipoprotein B100

Alternating bands of pale and dark hair (flag sign)
Mucosal atrophy, loss of villi

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Highest death rate of any psychiatric disorder

Anorexia neevosa

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Binges in food, induce vomiting

Russel’s sign

Bulimia

More comman than anorexia. Has better prognosis

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Nyctalopia (night blindness)
Xerophthalmia
Bitot’s spot ( build up of keratin)
Keratomalacia

Vit. A def

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Vit A toxicity

Pseudotumor cerebri

Hepatitis

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Craniotabes (softened occipital lobes)
Rachitic rosary
Pectus carinatum
Genu varum (bowing of legs)

Rickets, vit D def

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Inadequately mineralized bone

Osteomalacia, vit D def

Acrodermatitis enterohepatica

Zinc

Keshan dsea.

Selenium

Warthin finkeldey cells | Koplik spots

Measles

Cowdry type A bodies | Temporal lobe encephalitis

HSV

Ramsay hunt syndrome (facial nerve paralysis)

Varicella

Congenital infections that causes bluberry muffin

Congenital rubella, CMV, neuroblastoma

DOC for CMV

Acyclovir

(+) heterophile antibodies Downy cells Splenic rupture

EBV

Malignancies asso.with EBV

Burkitts | Nasapharyngeal ca

Hidraadenitis suppurativa Felons Paronychia

S. Aureus

Exfoliatin cleaves desmoglein in desmosomes Separation of epidermis at stratum granulosum

SSS (Ritter Dsea), S.aureus

Separation of epidermis at dermo epidermal junction

TEN (Lyell dsea)

Centrifugal rash ( sandpaper like) Pastia's line ( rashes in flexors) Strawberry tongue

Scarlet fever, S. Pyogenes

Susceptibility test for scarlet fever

Dick test

Complications of C. Diptheriae

Polyneuritis Myocarditis Airway obstruction

Tumbling motility | Gram (+) intracellular bacilli in the csf

L. Monocytogenes

Swarming motility

P. mirabilis

Shooting star motility

V. Cholerae

Falling leaf motility

G. Lambdia

Gr. positive extracellular Boxcar shaped Mediastinal Hemorrhage

B. Anthracis

Haze of bacilli entangled with the cilia of bronchial epithelia

B. Pertusis

Flor de lis pattern | Mass of org.form Perivascular Blue Haze

P. aeruginosa

Ecthyma gangrenosum | Well demarcated necrotic and hemo.oval skin lession

P. Aeruginosa

Painful genital ulcer | Chancroid or soft chancre

H. Ducreyi

Beefy red ulcer Pseudobuboes Donovan bodies on Warthin-starry stain Pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia

K. Granulomatosis

Mc site of intestinal TB

Ileum

Most frequent presentation of extrapulmo. TB

Lymphadenitis (scrofula)

Site of reactive TB

Apices (Simon's focus)

Infectious microorg.that produce abundant acid fast bacilli w/in macrophage Seen in AIDS with CD4 <50

M. Avium intracellulare

Paucibacillary | Granulomatous lesions

Tuberculoid Leprosy

Lepra Cells Globi (masses of acid fast bacilli) Red snappers

Lepromatous Leprosy

Nerves involve in lepromatous leprosy

Ulnar and peroneal nerve

Stellate abscess

L. Venereum

Amount of tissue necrosis is disproportionate to number of neutrophils and bacteria

Cellulitis in C. Perfringens

Hemorrhagic rash | Thrombosis of arterioles

Rocky mountain spotted fever ( rickettsia)

Nonseptate, irregular hyphae with Right Angle branching

Mucormycosis

Spherules in endospores

C. Immitis

Intracellular yeast

H. Capsulatum

Board base bud

Blastomyces dermatidis

Marinirer's wheel

Paracoccidiodes brasilliensis

Durck granuloma (ring of hemorrhage)

Cerebral malaria

Doc for benign tertian malaria

Primaquine

Maltese cross

Babesia microti

Kala azar

Visceral leishmaniasis

``` Tryponosomal chancre Mott cells (cytoplasmic globules filled with Ig) ```

African Sleeping Sickness

Unilateral periorbital edema of Chagas dsea.

Romana's sign

Complications of chagas disease

Mega esophagus | Mega colon

Neurocysticercosis

T. Solium

Hyaditid cyst, rupture leads to anaphylaxis

E. Granulosus

Inc.risk of Squamous cell of the bladder

S. Haematobium

Tropical pulmonary easinophilia | Elephantiasis

Filariasis

River blindness Lizard skin Onchocercoma

O. Volvulus

Doc for liver blindness

Ivermectin

Lysis of onchocercal worms

Mazzoti reaction