Gastric Pathology Flashcards
Eosinophilic gastritis
etiology
often not isolated, associated with eosinophilic esophagitis
must rule out other causes of eosinophilia
Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome
gastrin-secreting tumor of small bowl or pancreas usually
presents as ulcer or diarrhea
Presentation of autoimmune gastritis
usually B12-related
5-HIAA test
serum test for metabolite of 5-HT
test for neuroendocrine tumors
Patients presenting with epigastric pain 1-3 hours after eating, relieved by consuming more food may have…
peptic ulcer disease
food helps buffer burning from acid
Autoimmune gastritis
etiology
diagnostic test
CD4+ T-cell mediated destruction of parietal cells
(type IV hypersensitivity)
BUT test by looking for antibodies
**strange, because that seems like it would be type II then, but the Ab just happen to be produced as well, although they are non-pathogenic
H. heilmanni
related to H. pylori, can cause same conditions
found in animal vectors, don’t let dogs lick your face!
Chronic reactive gastropathy
causes
NSAIDs
ASA
bile reflux
EtOH
Most common gastric cancer
adenocarcinoma
Peptic Ulcer disease
causes
H. pylori
NSAIDs
Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
GERD
Very common condition of stomach related to chronic NSAID use
chronic reactive gastropathy
Carcinoid syndrome
due to neuroendocrine (carcinoid) tumor
secreting NTs
Sx: cutaneous flushing, sweating, bronchospasm, colicky abdominal pain, diarrhea, right-sided valvular fibrosis
Idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis
ureteral obstruction → renal failure
IgG4-associated autoimmune disease
Sister Mary Joseph umbilican nodule
firm umbilical nodule
often due to adenocarcinoma of stomach metastisis to umbilicus
Recurrent ulcers
how to test for Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
serum gastrin levels
Complication of chronic gastritis
intestinal metaplasia of stomach → dysplasia → gastric adenocarcinoma
New name for carcinoid tumors
neuroendocrine tumors
that’s great!
many secrete 5-HT causing carcinoid syndrome
that makes sense, because 5-HT is neurotransmitter
Transudate
vs
Exudate
transudate: from increased capillary permiability
exudate: from inflammatory process
GIST tumors are most often found
in stomach
Ascites: 90% caused by
cirrhosis
then
cancer
Granulomatous gastritis
associations
Chron’s, sarcoid, mycobacerial and fungal infections
basically anything that can cause granulomas to form
Dieulafoy’s Lesion
large-diamter mural arteriole penetrating into submucosa
one of few causes of:
massive upper GI bleeding
Menetier’s Disease
etiology
TNF-α secretion in stomach
marked diffuse gastric hyperplasia
enteropathy and hypoproteinemia
CMV in children
association with gastric adenocarcinoma
Virchow’s node
left supraclavicular node
may be first sign of
gastric adenocarcionma
