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BIOCHEM FINALS > GASTRIC LIPASE > Flashcards

GASTRIC LIPASE Flashcards

1
Q
  • secreted in small quantities
  • more effective at alkaline pH
  • requires presence of Ca++
  • less effective in stomach due to acidic pH and long chain fatty acids
  • milk, egg yolk, and fats containing short chain fatty acids are suitable substrates for its action
A

gastric lipase

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2
Q

inhibits gastric motility and retards the discharge of bolus of food from the stomach

A

enterogastrone

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3
Q

true or false: fats have a high satiety value

A

true

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4
Q
  • hormone produced in small intestine
  • triggered by acid-rich chyme filled with lipids
  • target cells in the stomach
A

enterogastrone

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5
Q
  • play important role in lipid digestion in neonates since milk is the main source of energy
  • important digestive enzymes in pancreatic insufficiency such as CYSTIC FIBROSIS or other PANCREATIC DISORDERS
A

Lingual and Gastric Lipases

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6
Q

can degrade triglycerides with short and medium chain fatty acids in patients with pancreatic disorders

A

lingual and gastric lipases

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7
Q

the digestive enzyme ______ is water soluble and can only work at the surface of fat globules

A

lipase

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8
Q

digestion is greatly aided by _________, the breaking up of fat globules into much smaller emulsion droplets.

A

emulsification

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9
Q

the critical process of emulsification takes place in the ________

A

duodenum

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10
Q
  • major site of fat digestion
  • effective digestion due to the presence of pancreatic lipase and bile salts
A

in small intestine

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11
Q

act as effective emulsifying agents for fats

A

bile salts

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12
Q

secretion of _______,________,________, the gastro intestinal hormones that stimulates digestion in small intestine

A

secretin, cholecystokinin, pancreozymin

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13
Q

increases the secretion of electrolytes and fluid components of pancreatic juice

A

secretin

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14
Q

stimulates the secretion of the pancreatic enzymes

A

pancreozymin of CCK

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15
Q

causes the contraction of the gall bladder and discharges the bile in to the duodenum

A

cholecystokinin of CCK-PZ

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16
Q

released by intestinal mucosa, stimulates more bile formation which is relatively poor in bile acid content

A

hepatocrinin

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17
Q

gastro intestinal hormones

A

secretin, pancreozymin of CCK, cholecystokinin of CCK-PZ, hepatocrin

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18
Q

for the digestion of triglycerides

A

pancreatic lipase

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19
Q

for the digestion of phospholipids

A

phospholipase A2

20
Q

for the digestion of cholesteryl esters

A

cholestrol esterase

21
Q

contents of pancreatic juice

A

pancreatic lipase
phopholipase A2
cholesterol esterase

22
Q

are required for the proper functioning of the pancreatic lipase enzyme

A

bile salts

23
Q

bile salts help in combination of lipase with two molecules of a small protein called as _________

A

colipase, secreted by pancreas, mouth, and stomach

24
Q

bile salts are synthesized in the ______ and stored in the ________

A

liver and gall bladder

25
Q

they are derivatives of cholesterol

A

bile salts

26
Q

(fill in the blanks) ______, they consist of a sterol ring structure with a side chain to which as molecule of ________ or ________ is covalently attached by an _______________

A

bile salts
glycine
taurine
amide linkage

27
Q

primary bile acids:

A
  1. cholic acid (found in the largest amount)
  2. chenodeoxycholic acid
28
Q

bile acid synthesis:

A

cholesterol > 7 hydroxycholesterol > cholic acid and chenodeoxycholic acid

cholic acid > glycholic acid and taurocholic acid = deoxycholic acid

chendeoxycholic acid > glycochenodeoxycholic acid and taurochenodeoxycholic acid = lithocholic acid

29
Q

secondary bile acids:

A
  1. lithocholic acid
  2. deoxycholic acid
30
Q

circulation where bile salt present in the body that are not sufficient to fully process the fats in a typical meal, this circulation help it to be recycled

A

enterohepatic circulation

31
Q

(fill in the blanks) specific transporters in the ____________ move bile salts from the lumen of the digestive tract to the intestinal capillaries. transported directly to the liver via the ____________.

A

terminal ileum
hepatic portal vein

32
Q

small passageways that convey bile out

A

bile canaliculi

33
Q

enterohepatic circulation of bile salts (pathway)

A

LIVER:
cholesterol > bile acids > bile salts

[gall bladder]

SMALL INTESTINES:
bile salts > bile acids > blood to liver or > secondary bile acids

34
Q

portal of bile acids

A

blood

35
Q

severe pancreatic deficiency such as _______ results in malabsorption of fats due to impaired digestion

A

cystic fibrosis

36
Q

an antiobesity drug inhibits gastric and pancreatic lipases

A

orlistat

37
Q

dietary cholesterol is mainly present in __________ form

A

free non esterified

38
Q

are hydrolyzed by pancreatic cholesteryl esterase (cholesterol ester hydrolase) to produce cholesterol and free fatty acid

A

cholesteryl esters

39
Q

two types of degredation for enzymatic activity:

A

cholesteryl ester degradation and phospholipid degradation

40
Q

the enzyme ___________ requires bile salts for optimum activity

A

phospholipase A2

41
Q

are disk shaped clusters of amphiphatic lipids that coalesce with their hydrophobic groups on the inside and their hydrophilic groups on the outside of clusters

A

micelles

42
Q

drug that blocks a protein that specifically mediates cholesterol transport across the apical plasma membrane of enterocytes

A

ezetimibe

43
Q

a drug that inhibits cholesterol synthesis in the liver

A

statin

44
Q

dietery fat composition (in order)

A
  1. triglycerides
  2. cholesterol
  3. cholesteryl esters
  4. phospholipids
  5. unsterified fatty acids
45
Q

pancreatic juice

A

sodium bicarbonate and pancreatic lipase

46
Q

fatty stool term

A

steatorrhea

47
Q

gallstone term

A

cholelithiasis

BIOCHEM FINALS (8 decks)

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