Gastric / Abdo Related Flashcards
What is Crohn’s disease
Pathophysiology + Common symptoms
ulcers and inflammation from anywhere from mouth to anus - affecting any thickness of the bowel
- normally patchy areas + often affects small intestine
D and v with right lower abdomen pain
What is sickle cell disease
Pathophysiology + Common symptoms
Abnormal shaping of red blood cells
Causing reduction of oxygen pickup
Clotting and problems of blood cells going through vessels
Prehospital treatment equals pain relief
What is adrenal crisis ( Addison crisis)
Pathophysiology + Common symptoms
Damage to the adrenal glands
Causing a reduction in aldosterone (allowed raas - K+ out with na+ and water in) and
cortisone ( break down of protein and fatts into glucose )
Fatigue + hyperkalemia +hypotension + D&V + abdo leg back pain
Hydrocortisone + fluids
What is diverticulitis
Pathophysiology + Common symptoms
1) out pouches from the bowel ( can get infected with poo and cause problems )
2) pain in left lower quadrant ? Temp and abnormal bowel movement
What is constipation
Pathophysiology + Common symptoms
Reduced poo movement - dehydration = due to intake ( large intestine causes further water suck up = rocks )
Swollen abdomen - rigid and non tender
Irregular bowel activity
Excess wind
Small pellets of poo
Any overflow
What is an appendicitis
Pathophysiology + Common symptoms
1) inflammation or infection of the appendix
2) nausea and vomiting, middle pain which end up in the lower right quadrant,
3) rosvings sign( left to right) + McBurney sign ( rebound tenderness)
Posovers sign ( bend knee to 90 degrees internal rotation)
Cough or jump causes pain
What is hepatitis
Pathophysiology + Common symptoms
What is kidney stones
Pathophysiology + Common symptoms + treatment
What is a UTI( urine tract infection)
1)Pathophysiology
2)Common symptoms
3) treatment ✅
1) bacteria infection of urinary tract
2) dark or strong smelling pee, pain/ stinging/ burning when peeing, blood in urine
3) antibiotics - hospital /GP
What is acute cholecystitis
Sign and symptoms
Diagnostic tool ( prehospitally
1) infection or inflammation of gallbladder
2) upper right abdominal pain, pyrexia , shoulder tip pain
3) Murphy’s sign - push in ask them to breath
What is acute pancreatitis
1)
Left sided upper abdomen pain and middle + back radiation
2)
What are the signs of upper GI bleeding
Hematasis - vomit blood
- coffee grounds ( digested )
What is the signs for lower GI bleed
Melena ( pooy blood)
What is general IBS alongside the symptoms ( irratible bowel syndrome) + name the condition under the umbrella of IBS
1)abnormal bowel movement or disturbance with often pain without any detectable bowel abnormality
2)abdo pain relived by going to the toilet, poo has changed in texture or frequency + bloating.
3) Crohn’s + ulcerative colitis
What is gastroenteritis
Commonly stomach flu causes d and v caused by the noravirus and rotavirus in kids
D and v, loss of appetite and fever
Get better after a few days
