Gases Flashcards
Gas molecules have no definite ___ or ___, are widely ___ and can be easily ____. They are in ___, constant motion
size, shape, separated, compressed, random
Atoms which exist in pairs due to unstable nature, and high reaction as a single atom
diatomic gases
Temperature is the measure of __ __ or movement of gas particles. Movement increase the ____ and, thus when collisions occurs, there is more energy or ___ transfer.
kinetic movement, velocity, heat
Gases do not have distinct ___, instead they take up the shape of the container.
volume
pressure is the ___ of the gas particles colliding with the __ of the container. An increase in _____ results in a decrease in pressure
force, colliding, area
When gas is confined to a container, an external force can compress that gas, and the volume ____. This results in more ____, and thus more ____.
decrease, collision, pressure
When the gas is expanded, the volume is ___, __ collisions, and __ pressure
increased, decreased, decreased
Expansion and compression of gasses is easy because there is a lot of ___ between the particles
space
Boyle’s law is given by the equation _____. It says that the pressure and volume are ___ ___ under constant temperature and ___.
P1V1=P2V2, inversely proportional, moles
Charles law is given by the equation ____. It says that the __- and ___ are directly proportional under constant pressure and moles
V1/T1=V2/T2, volume temperature
Avogadro’s law is given by _____. It says that __ and ___ are directly proportional under constant __ and pressure
V1/n1=V2/N2, volume, moles, temperature
Gay-Lussac’s law is given by ______. It says that pressure and ___ are directly proportional under constant __ and ___
Pi/T1=P2/T2, temperature, volume, moles
The combined gas law is given by
PiV1/T2n1 = P2V2/n2T2
An ideal gas behaves in __, __ and ___ motion, according to the kinetic molecular theory of gases
constant, random, straight-line
The kinetic molecular theory gasses states that particles in a gas are in constant, ____ motion, the combined __ of the particles is negligible, the particles exert no ___ on one another, the gas molecule collisions are completely ___, meaning there are no ___ ___ between the gases, and all gases have the same __ ___ __ at a given temperature.
random, volume, forces, elastic, intermolecular forces, average kinetic energy
At ___K the volume of a gas is 0
0
Gases behave most ideally at __ __, because the gases are far apart, meaning there are less _____ ___, and interactions. It also behaves most ideally at __ ___, as the gas are __ __ and thus there is an decrease in intermolecular forces
low pressure, intermolecular forces, high temperature, moving faster
The ideal gas law is given by
PV=nRT
Standard temperature is ____ and pressure is _____ for an ideal gas. 1 mole of a gas at STP is ___L
273, 1 atm, 22.4
In a mixture of gasses, the pressure created by one molecule is ___ of one another
independent
Dalton’s law of partial pressure says that the total pressure of the mixture is equal to the sum of the __ __ of individual gases. The partial pressure of one gas is given by the ____
partial pressures, moles of gas 1/total moles x total pressure
The mass of a gas occupying a certain volume
gas density
The gas density is given by _______
PMw/RT
when molecules move from high to low concentration
diffusion
When a confined gas escapes through a small hole
effusion (r)
The effusion rate is highest for ____, and lowest for ____. The gas with the __ ____ __ effuses faster
gasses, solids, lower molecular weight
Graham’s law of effusion says the rate of the effusion of a gas is __ ___ to the square root of its ___ ____. This is why __ gasses tend to diffuse much more rapidly than heavier ones. The law is given by the equation ____
inversely proportional, molar mass, lighter, r1/r2 = (Mw2/Mw1)^(-1/2)
