Chemical equilibrium

Question 1

In dynamic equilibrium the forward and reverse __ are the same, resulting in no observable change, however the reaction is continuously ____. The concentrations of reactants or products is ___ ___ equal

Answer 1

rates, moving, not always

Question 2

Equilibrium constant excludes concentrations of pure __ and pure ___, and only looks at ___ solutions and ___. The formula is ____

Answer 2

liquids, solids, aqueous, gases, kf/kr = [C]^c[D]^d/[A]^a[B]^b

Question 3

Relation of gibbs free energy to keq

Answer 3

G° = -RTlnKeq

Question 4

Uses concentrations of the reactants and products at any point in the reaction

Answer 4

reactant quotient

Question 5

If Q < Keq there is a __ concentration of reactants than there is at equilibrium and the reaction proceeds in the ___ direction

Answer 5

higher, forward

Question 6

If Q = K, the reaction is in ___

Answer 6

equilibrium

Question 7

If Q > Keq there is a higher concentration of ___ than there is at equilibrium and the reaction proceeds in the ___ direction

Answer 7

products, reverse

Question 8

The equilibrium constant of the reverse reaction is equal to ___

Answer 8

1/kf

Question 9

An equilibrium state can be disturbed by a change in __, __ and __

Answer 9

concentration, pressure, temperature

Question 10

When there is a compression, there is a shift to the side with __ moles of gas, whereas it would shift to the opposite side if there was a __

Answer 10

fewer, expansion

Question 11

Adding an ____ gas to the equation does not affect equilibrium

Answer 11

inert

Question 12

when ions in solution react to form an insoluble solid

Answer 12

precipitation reaction

Question 13

describes the extent to which an ionic compound dissolves in water

Answer 13

solubility product constant Ksp

Question 14

The more soluble the substance , the __ the Ksp

Answer 14

higher

Question 15

describes the current state of the solution when ions are dissolved

Answer 15

solubility product quotient / ion product constant

Question 16

If Qsp < Ksp, the solution is ____ and will shift to dissolve more ___

Answer 16

unsaturated, ions

Question 17

When Qsp = Ksp, the solution is ___ and __ dissolve more solute

Answer 17

saturated, cannot

Question 18

When Qsp > Ksp, the solution is ___ and cannot dissolve more solute, and there will be a ___

Answer 18

supersaturated, precipitate

Question 19

number of moles that can be dissolved per liter of solution until the solution becomes saturated

Answer 19

molar solubility

Question 20

describes the decrease in solubility of a ionic precipitate when a soluble compound is added to the solution that shares an ion common to the precipitate

Answer 20

common ion effect

Question 21

When a proton is transferred from one water molecule to another water molecule

Answer 21

autoionization

Question 22

ka is given by the _____

Answer 22

(conjugate acid)(conjugate base)/ acid

Question 23

kb is given by the _____

Answer 23

(conjugate base) (conjugate acid)/base

Question 24

Kw = ____ for the acid and its conjugate base

Answer 24

ka (kb)

Question 25

If a strong base is added, of pH is ____, there is an increase in ___ ions and a shift to the ____ of equilibrium

Answer 25

decrease, hydronium, left

Question 26

If the pH is __ or there is a strong base added, hydronium ions are ___ and the equilibrium shifts to the ____

Answer 26

increase, decreased, right

Question 27

The concentration of the H+ is the square root of ___ x (concentration of ____)

Answer 27

ka, weak acid