gas exchange - KRO Flashcards
concentration gradient definition
difference between high and low concentration. The larger the difference, the faster diffusion will take place
how to calculate surface area of a sphere
4πr^2
how to calculate volume of a sphere
4/3πr^3
how to calculate surface area of a cube
length x height x 6
how to calculate volume of a cube
length x width x height
substances exchanged between an organism and its environment
oxygen, nutrients (glucose, fatty acids, amino acids, vitamins, minerals), excretory products (urea, carbon dioxide)
what three factors can affect rate of diffusion
surface area, difference in concentration, diffusion pathway
how does surface area affect rate of diffusion
larger surface area, faster diffusion rate
how does difference in concentration affect rate of diffusion
greater concentration gradient, faster rate of diffusion
how does diffusion pathway affect rate of diffusion
longer diffusion pathway, slower rate of diffusion
Fick’s Law
Rate of diffusion is proportional to: (Surface area x difference in concentration) / length of diffusion pathway
what is a spiracle
a hole in the insects cuticle, some insects have a valve system to control the size
what is the trachea (insect) lined with and why
chitin to keep it rigid
what are the tracheoles
small unlined tubes in which gases are exchanged (directly into cells)
How does gaseous exchange take place in insects without a ventilation system
they rely on a high diffusion gradient.
