gas exchange and gas transport in humans

Question 1

what happens as a result of inhalation

Answer 1

oxygen laden air is now within the alveoli of the lungs

Question 2

what needs to happen with the oxygen in the alveoli

Answer 2

the oxygen needs to absorb into the blood capillaries of the alveoli

Question 3

what needs to happen as the oxygen absorbs into the capillaries

Answer 3

at the same time carbon dioxide needs to leave the capillaries and enter the alveoli

Question 4

what happens once the oxygen is within the blood capillaries

Answer 4

the oxygen has to be transported to the cells of the varies tissues

Question 5

what happens when the oxygen reaches the cells

Answer 5

the oxygen needs to be used to for the breakdown of digested food to release energy and carbon dioxide

Question 6

what happens to the carbon dioxide that is released

Answer 6

the carbon dioxide needs to get back into the blood capillaries and then transported into the alveolus

Question 7

how does the blood arrive at the alveolus

Answer 7

via capillary branches of the pulmonary artery has a high concentration of carbon dioxide

Question 8

what is the concentration of carbon dioxide in the alveolus

Answer 8

there is a low concentration

Question 9

how does the dissolved carbon dioxide diffuse from the blood

Answer 9

it diffuses through the endothelial walls of the capillaries and squamous epithelia wall of the alveolus

Question 10

what is the concentration of oxygen in the blood and in the alveolus

Answer 10

the blood contains a low concentration of oxygen while the alveolus contains a high concentration of oxygen

Question 11

how does the oxygen diffuse into the blood capillaries

Answer 11

the oxygen dissolves in a film of water lining the alveolus and diffuses through the alveolus walls and the walls of the blood capillaries and then enters the blood capillaries

Question 12

how is oxyhaemoglobin formed

Answer 12

when the oxygen from the alveolus diffuses into the capillaries most of it immediately combines with hemoglobin of the red blood corpuscles of the blood

Question 13

what goes into the blood plasma

Answer 13

a very small amount of oxygen diffusing into the blood capillaries goes into solution in the blood plasma

Question 14

how is oxygen transported into the heart and then into the tissues

Answer 14

in two forms
1)in the form of oxyhaemoglobin

2) in solution in the blood plasma

Question 15

characteristics of the blood arriving at the tissue via the capillaries branches of the arteries

Answer 15

has a high concentration of oxygen in the form of oxyhaemoglobin

Question 16

what happens to the oxyhaemoglobin in the capillary branches of the arteries

Answer 16

they break down into oxygen and haemoglobin

Question 17

where does the oxygen diffuse through

Answer 17

through the capillary wall into the tissue fluid and then into the cells

Question 18

how is the concentration of carbon dioxide

Answer 18

it is higher in the cells than in the tissue fluid and the blood in the capillaries

Question 19

what results from the high concentration of carbon dioxide int the cells

Answer 19

carbon dioxide therefore diffuses from the cells into the tissue fluid and then into the blood capillaries

Question 20

what happens when carbon dioxide from the tissue =s diffuses into the the blood capillaries

Answer 20

most of it reacts with water in the blood plasma to form carbonic acid first and then bicarbonate ions

Question 21

what haopens to some carbon dioxide

Answer 21

1) some dissolves in the blood plasma

2)some combines with haemoglobin to form carbhaemoglobin

Question 22

in what forms is carbon dioxide transported to the lungs

Answer 22

1)bicarbonate ions

2) in solution in the blood plasma

3)carbhaemoglobin