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Bio20 > Gas Exchange > Flashcards

Gas Exchange Flashcards

1
Q

Ventilation

A

Maintain concentrations of o2 and co2 in alveoli and blood flowing in adjacent capillaries

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2
Q

Gas exchange

A

Movement of gasses along diffusion gradient

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3
Q

Cell respiration

A

Release of energy from large organic molecules (aerobic or anaerobic)

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4
Q

Pathway of air

A

Air enter via mouth or nose
Parynx
Trachea
Larynx
Bronchi
Bronchioles
Alveoli
Lungs
Diaphragm

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5
Q

Nose

A

Filters air with tiny hairs and mucous

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6
Q

Mucous

A

Moistens and warm air
Filters air

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7
Q

Pharynx

A

Air filled chambers in the mouth

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8
Q

Trachea

A

Tube supported by cartilage c rings that is lined with cilia and mucous to clean and sweep debris away from the lungs

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9
Q

Cilia

A

Tiny hairs

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10
Q

Phlem

A

Lung

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11
Q

Larynx

A

Protects vocal cords which two thin sheets of elastic ligaments that vibrate when air is forced passed them

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12
Q

Adam’s Apple

A

Voice box
Aka Larynx

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13
Q

Bronchi aka

A

Aka bronchus

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14
Q

Bronchi

A

2 large branches
One to each lung
Contain cilia and c rings

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15
Q

Bronchioles

A

Small branches of tubes that contain cilia leading to alveoli
Diameter control by smooth muscle

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16
Q

Alveoli

A

150million tiny sacs at the end of bronchioles
Increase surface area for gas exchange

17
Q

Type 1 pneumocytes ( alveoli )

A

Thin cells adapted to gas exchange

18
Q

Type II pneumocytes ( alveoli )

A

Secrete a solution containing a surfactant, moist, prevent walls from sticking
Covered In capillaries

19
Q

Lungs

A

Found in thoracic cavity and are surrounded by a plural membrane which is filled with fluid to reduce friction between the lungs and the walls of chest cavity

20
Q

Diaphragm

A

Band of muscle that separates the chest cavity from the abdominal cavity
Regulates pressure in chest cavity

21
Q

Breathing movements

A

Different muscles are required for inspiration and expiration because muscles only do work when they contract

22
Q

Pleural pressure

A

Pressure of air inside the lung

23
Q

Inspiration

A

When pleural pressure is less than atmospheric pressure
Air into lungs

24
Q

Expiration

A

Higher pressure in pleural cavity than atmospheric

25
Q

External intercostal muscles relax

A

Rib cage falls
Fluid witching pleural membrane push against lungs and air is forced out

26
Q

Medulla oblongata

A

Control brea th big movements by detecting o2 and co2 levels with chemoreceptors

27
Q

Chemoreceptors

A

Bio20 (10 decks)

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