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Bio20 > Carbohydrates > Flashcards

Carbohydrates Flashcards

1
Q

Organic molecules

A

Ironically living things are made of non living chemicals

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2
Q

Carbohydrates

A

Body’s most important source of energy
Rely on plants for carbohydrates

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3
Q

Monosaccharides

A

Simplistic carbohydrates

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4
Q

Ribose

A

Simple sugars found in RNA

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5
Q

Deoxyribose

A

Simple sugar found in DNA

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6
Q

Disaccharide

A

Combination of 2 monosaccharides by the removal of a water molecule in a process called condensation

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7
Q

Lactose

A

Disaccharide milk sugar produced in remake mammals

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8
Q

Sucrose

A

Disaccharide sugar storage/transport molecule in plant

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9
Q

Disaccharide monosaccharides Test

A

Benedict’s solution

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10
Q

Polysaccharide

A

Combination of many monosaccharides joined together in straight or branches chains

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11
Q

Glycogen

A

Storage molecule for glucose in animals; stored in liver and muscles

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12
Q

Starch

A

Storage molecule for glucose in plant (up to 6000 glucose units)

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13
Q

Cellulose

A

Hydrogen bounded chains of glucose arranged side by side; makes up plant cell wall; river

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14
Q

Amylose

A

Straight chain polymer of D-glucose unit

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15
Q

Amylopectin

A

Branches chain polymer of D-glucose unit

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16
Q

Polysaccharide Test

A

Iodine

17
Q

Lipid

A

Non polar
Store energy when glycogen are maxed out

18
Q

Triglycerides

A

Formed by glycerol and 3 fatty acids

19
Q

2 types of triglyceride

A

Fats and oils

20
Q

Solid fats

A

Come from animals

21
Q

Oils

A

Come from plants

22
Q

Test for fats

A

Clear spot on brown paper

23
Q

Phospholipid

A

If we replace fatty acid chain with a phosphate molecule we get a phospholipid
Makes phosphate part of the molecule polar and fatty acid part non polar

24
Q

Waxes

A

Long chains of fatty acids that are insoluble in water

25
Q

Sterol

A

Fat needed by the body to make bile, cell membrane, nerve, coating, hormones
Made by the liver

26
Q

LDL chosterol

A

Harmful since it sticks to blood vessels forming plaques

27
Q

HDL chosterol

A

Good, takes cholesterol to the liver to be broken down

28
Q

Proteins

A

Made of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen and oms

29
Q

Amino acids

A

Building blocks of protein
Many combinations

Bio20 (10 decks)

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