Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Bio > Gas Exchange > Flashcards

Gas Exchange Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Small organisms will have a ____ SA:V ratio

A

Bigger

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What does having a smaller SA:V ratio mean

A

Larger distance from the middle to the outside

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Do large organisms have a higher or lower metabolic rate

A

Higher

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Adaptations of large organisms for efficient has exchanged

A
  1. Villi and microvilli - efficient digestion of food
  2. Alveoli and bronchioles - efficient gas exchange mammles
  3. Spiracles and tracheoles - efficient in insects
  4. Gill filaments and lamellae - efficient in fish
  5. Thin wide leaves - efficient in plants
  6. Many capillaries - tissue
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Human gas exchange system

A
  1. Alveoli
  2. Bronchioles
  3. Bronchi
  4. Trachea
  5. Lungs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Ventalation

A

Inhaling and exhaling
Controlled by diaphragm
Interaction between external and internal intercostal muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Inspiration

A

Diaphragm contracts
Increases lung volume
Decrease pressure in lungs
External intercostal muscles contract and pull up while internal intercostal muscles relax
Air moves into lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Expiration

A

Diaphragm relaxes
Decrease in lung vol
Increase in pressure in lungs
Internal intercostal muscles contract pull down
External intercostal muscles relax
Air moves out lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Alveoli

A

Large surface area
Tiny air sacs
Thin to minimise diffusion
Surrounded by capillaries
Maintain conc gradient

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What size SA:V ratio do fish have

A

Small

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Where is fish has exchange surface

A

Gills

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Fishes adaptation

A

Countercurrent flow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is countercurrent flow

A

Adaptation for gas exchange for fish allowing them to Maintain a concentration gradient to enable diffusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What do hill lamellae provide

A

Large surface area 90’ angles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What do gill lamellae provide

A

Short diffusion distance due to capillary network
Thin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Process of counter current flow

A

Water flows over the gill in opposite direction to flow of blood In capillary’s
Ensures equilibrium cannot be reached
Diffusion gradient maintained across gill lamellae

17
Q

What are insects exoskeleton made from

A

Hard fibrous material for protection
Lipid layer preventing water loss

18
Q

What system to insects use for gas exchange

A

Tracheal system

19
Q

Tracheal system is composed of ?

A

Trachea
Tracheoles
Spiracles

20
Q

Describe the tracheal system

A

Oxygen and carbon enter and leave via spiriacles
Trachea attaches to openings
Trachea network of internal tubes with rings of cartilage to keep them open
Trachea branch into tracheoles
Extend throughout tissue to respiring cells

21
Q

Adaptations for gas exchange in terrestrial insects

A
  1. Large number of tracheoles
    Greater SA
  2. Walls of tracheoles are thin
    Short diffusion pathway
  3. Use of oxygen production of carbon
    Steep diffusion gradient
22
Q

What happens when cells respire

A

Gas exchanges by diffusion
Use up oxygen
Produce carbon dioxide
Establishes conc gradient

23
Q

Second method of gas exchange in insects

A

Mass transport
Insect contracts and relaxes abdominal muscles to move gases

24
Q

Three ways gas moves in insects

A

Mass transport
Diffusion
Flight

25
Q

Affect for flight on movement of gas in insects

A

Muscle cells respire anaerobically
Produces lactate
Lowers water potential
Water moves from tracheoles into cells via osmosis
Decreases vol of tracheoles
More air drawn in

26
Q

How insects limit water loss

A
  1. Small SA:V minimise evap
  2. Waterproof exoskeleton
  3. Spiracles can open and close
27
Q

Xerophytic plants

A

Plants adapted to survive in environments with limited water

28
Q

Adaptations of xerophytes

A
  1. Curled leaves to trap moisture
  2. Thick cuticle reduces evaporation
  3. Longer root network reach more water
  4. Hairs trap moisture
29
Q

Respiration

A

Chemical reaction which releases energy in form of ATP

30
Q

Ficks law

A

Diffusion = SA x diff in conc
Length of diff pathway

31
Q

Gas exchange at a stomata

A
  1. Oxygen diffuse out stomata
  2. Co2 diffuse in through stomata
  3. Reduces water loss by evaporation stomata closes at night

Bio (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions