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Plumbing Level 4 > Gas - Burners > Flashcards

Gas - Burners Flashcards

1
Q

List the six main components of an atmospheric burner.

A

Burner head.

Burner ports.

Mixing tube[]

Orifice[][][][][][]

Primary air shutter.

Venturi[][][][][][][][][][]]

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2
Q

With no prefix of gas and air, gas is heated inside the flame front without air causing carbon particles to form. When particles pass through the flame front carbon glows is the definition of?

A

Why a luminous flame is yellow.

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3
Q

Where are luminous flame burners used?

A

Fireplace lighters.

Range top pilots[]

Sandpan burners[]

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4
Q

Premix of some combustion air before ignition produces a blue or bunsen flame which is smaller and more stable is the definition of?

A

Atmospheric burner.

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5
Q

State Bernoulli’s theorem.

A

Where velocity is greatest, pressure is least.

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6
Q

What are the two methods of measuring flame speeds?

A

Busen burner.

1 in O.A.tube[]

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7
Q

What is the flame speed of Natural Gas for the bunsen burner method?

A

12” / second.

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8
Q

Name the three zones of a bunsen flame.

A

Inner cone.

Outer cone.

Outer mantle.

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9
Q

In which zone of the bunsen flame is the gas completely burned?

A

Outer cone.

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10
Q

The maximum flame speed of Natural Gas occurs at what mixture of gas and air?

A

10% gas.

12” / second - Bunsen burner.

25 “ / second - 1 “ pipe[][][][][][]]

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11
Q

The amount of air/gas mixture than can pass through a port is the definition of?

A

Port loading.

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12
Q

For most applications, what is port loading for Natural Gas?

A

25-30 MBH/In² of port.

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13
Q

What are the two most common results of unstable flames?

A

Flashback.

Liftoff[][][][]]

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14
Q

When the flame speed exceeds the gas velocity is the definition of?

A

Flashback.

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15
Q

When the flame speed is less than the gas velocity is the definition of?

A

Flame liftoff.

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16
Q

What conditions may cause a waving flame?

A

Cracked heat exchanger.

Drafts[][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][]

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17
Q

What conditions cause flame rollout?

A

Overfiring.

Insufficient secondary air.

Vent blockage[][][][][][][][][][]

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18
Q

On a non-aerated pilot burner, what would cause a lazy yellow flame?

A

Orifice is too large.

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19
Q

On a non-aerated pilot burner, what causes a noisy lifting blowing flame?

A

High pressure gas.

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20
Q

On an aerated pilot burner, what conditions cause a small blue flame?

A

Clogged filter.

Clogged orifice.

Low gas pressure.

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21
Q

On an aerated pilot burner, what conditions may cause a hard sharp flame?

A

Orifice too small or use of manufactured gas (coke gas).

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22
Q

List the three main functions of a pilot burner.

A

Heat the thermocouple or powerpile.

Ignite main burner flame[][][][][][][][][][][][]

Provide a mount for the thermocouple.

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23
Q

List the two main types of pilot burners.

A

Aerated.

Non-aerated.

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24
Q

Name two types of single port burners.

A

Inshot.

Upshot.

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25
Q

What are some of the advangtages of a multiport burner?

A

Provide good heat transfer.

Provide stable blue flames[]

Spread flames for secondary air to reach them.

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26
Q

Name some common types of multiport burners.

A

Drilled pipe.

Drilled port[]

Ribbon port.

Slotted port.

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27
Q

What are some advangtes of cast iron drilled port burners with small raised bosses for each port?

A

More opportunity for secondary air to surround the flame jet.

Provide greater port length reducing flashback[][][][][][][][][][][][][]

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28
Q

What is the range of port sizes for drilled port burners?

A

No smaller than #42.

No larger than #29[]]

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29
Q

What are the critical factors in a drilled pipe burner design?

A

Distance from mixer to first port.

Port size[][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][]]

Ratio of port area to cross section

Total lenth[][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][]]

Total port area[][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][]

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30
Q

What are the disadvantages of the slotted port burner?

A

Because slots must be narrow subject to plugging.

Lengh of slots cause warping in hot places[][][][][][][]]

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31
Q

Which type of fuel gas is specified for a sandpan burner?

A

Natural Gas.

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32
Q

Which type of burner uses a ceramic burner for a radiating surface?

A

Infrared radiant burner.

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33
Q

Which type of burner is arranged so that the streams of air-gas mixture intersect each other to slow velocity and maintain a stable flame through a wide turndown?

A

Barber burner.

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34
Q

Where in relation to the combustion chamber would the combustion air blower be located in a forced-draft burner system?

A

Upstream of the combustion chamber.

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35
Q

What is the name for a class of burners that do not require assistance from a fan to supply combustion air or to vent the flue products?

A

Natural draft burner.

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36
Q

Which type of burner is equipped with a mechanical device (usually a fan) installed before the burner which helps to draw the air into the appliance and physically push the air into the combustion chamber. (Equipped with a blower that produces just enough pressure to overcome the resistance of the burner.)

A

Forced draft burner.

37
Q

Which type of burner has the fan located at the flue outlet of the appliance? One in which there is a fan downstream of the combustion chamber and downstream of the heat exchangers which pulls the products of combustion through the combustion chamber. It also has enough power to create a draft big enough to physically draw air into the appliance and into the combustion chamber.

A

Induced draft burner.

38
Q

Which type of burner is equipped with a fan or blower that produces sufficient pressure to overcome the resistance of the burner only?

A

Fan assist burner.

39
Q

Which type of burner mixes the required amount of air and gas before ignition?

A

Pre-mix burner.

40
Q

What device does an aspirating burner use to regulate the gas supply?

A

Zero governor.

41
Q

Which type of burner mixes the required air and gas with a mechanical device?

A

Blow mix burner.

42
Q

Which component of a dual fuel burner directs the air fuel mixture to the appropriate part of the combustion chamber?

A

The blast tube.

43
Q

When ignited, the gas burner flame front must pass smoothly and rapidly over the burner surface. In the case of a multi-port burner, the flame front should not delay as it moves from port to port, all ports must ignite is the definition of?

A

Rapid carryover of flames.

44
Q

The range of inputs for satisfactory combustion is the definition of?

A

Wide turndown ratio.

45
Q

Why would immediate ignition not occur?

A

Clogged ports.

Thermocouple and pilot in the wrong position.

46
Q

The rate at which the air-gas mixture leaves the burner port is the definition of?

A

Flow velocity.

47
Q

The speed at which a flame moves through an air-fuel mixture is the definition of?

A

Flame speed.

48
Q

What are the three things needed in order for proper combustion to occur?

A

Time.

Temperature.

Turbulence[]]

49
Q

How does the primary air supply affect the characteristics of the flame?

A

A lack of primary air will create a yellow flame.

If you increase the primary air the flame will become more blue until a hard blue flame is acquired.

50
Q

The flame is rolling around the combustion chamber essentially looking for air. It can occur due to either a blocked flue or just lack of secondary air is the definition of?

A

Floating flame.

51
Q

What is the difference between an aerated pilot and a non-aerated pilot?

A

Aerated pilot: Mixture of air and gas before ignition.

Non-aerated pilot: No air mixed with the flue gas before ignition.

52
Q

A version of the aerated pilot in which the air that is pre-mixed with the gas is actually brought across the flame in order to burn off any dust or other particles before it gets into the chamber where it is premixed with the gas preventing the dust and particles that the air brings along with it from plugging up the unit is the definition of?

A

Incinerating pilot.

53
Q

How much primary air and how much secondary air is used in a sandpan burner?

A

Primary air: 0%.

Secondary air: 100%.

54
Q

How much primary air and how much secondary air is used in an infrared burner?

A

Primary air: 100%.

Secondary air: 0%.

55
Q

The term “overfiring” means:

A. Operating an appliance at full capacity for only short periods of time.

B. Burning a larger volume of gas than the appliance is designed to burn.

C. Burning a smaller volume of gas than the appliance is designed to burn.

D. Operating an appliance at lower setting than the manufacturer’s reccomendations.

A

B. Burning a larger volume of gas than the appliance is designed to burn.

56
Q

A gas meter can be used to:

A. Determine appliance inputs.

B. Detect leaks in piping systems.

C. Determine gas heating values[]]

D. Both A and B[][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][]

A

D. Both A and B.

57
Q

In the figure below, the atmospheric burner is of the:

A. Inshot, monoport type.

B. Inshot, multiport type.[]

C. Upshot, monoport type.

D. Upshot, multiport type[]

A

D. Upshot, multiport type.

58
Q

In the figure below, “E” indicates the:

A. Burner head.

B. Primary air[][]]

C. Ports[][][][][][][][]

D. Orifice[][][][][][]]

A

B. Primary air.

59
Q

In the figure below, the input to the burner can be altered by changed the:

A. Specific gravity of the gas.

B. Manifold pressure[][][][][][][][]

C. Orifice Size[][][][][][][][][][][][][][]

D. All of the above are correct.

A

D. All of the above are correct.

60
Q

In the figure below, changing the position of “E” will:

A. Change the input to the burner.

B. Change the flame characteristics.

C. Allow the gas fitter to reduce the size of the combustion air duct.

D. All of the above are correct[][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][]

A

B. Change the flame characteristics.

61
Q

Which of the following terms are used to describe pilot burners?

A. Aerated.

B. Incinerating.

C. Target[][][][][][]

D. All of the above.

A

D. All of the above.

62
Q

A noisy lifting blowing flame is usually caused by:

A. High gas pressure.

B. Too large a pilot orifice.

C. A lack of secondary air[]]

D. Heavy accumulation of dust in the air.

A

A. High gas pressure.

63
Q

A porous refactory, such as ceramic, acts as the radiating surface of the burner in:

A. An atmospheric multiport burner.

B. A raw gas line burner[][][][][][][][][][][]

C. A ribbon port buner[][][][][][][][][][][][]]

D. An infrared radiant burner[][][][][][][]

A

D. An infrared radiant burner.

64
Q

If the flue collar outlet of an appliance becomes plugged, the flame will appear to:

A. Lift off the burner.

B. Float off the burner.

C. Wave on the burner.

D. Flashback on the burner.

A

B. Float off the burner.

65
Q

Primary air entrainment on an atmospheric burner can be regulated by several methods. Which of the methods listed below interferes with the flow pattern of gas leaving the orifice?

A. Wing type air shutter.

B. Butterfly shutter[][][][][]

C. Disc type shutter[][][][]

D. Spoiler screw[][][][][][][]

A

D. Spoiler screw.

66
Q

The low pressure area in the venture of an atmospheric burner is created by:

A. The low gas pressure in the manifold.

B. The high velocity gas flow through the orifice.

C. The low velocity gas flow through the orifice[][]

D. The opening in the air shutter which will allow primary air to enter.

A

B. The high velocity gas flow through the orifice.

67
Q

The input to an atmospheric burner can be increased by:

A. Increasing the manifold pressure.

B. Increasing the size of the vent[][][]]

C. Increasing the diameter of the manifold piping.

D. Increasing the gas pipe diameter to the appliance.

A

A. Increasing the manifold pressure.

68
Q

A luminous flame on an atmospheric burner may be caused by:

A. Too much primary air.

B. The burner is under-fired.

C. A blocked air shutter[][][][][]]

D. Manifold pressure is too low.

A

C. A blocked air shutter.

69
Q

The pilot turndown test is used to:

A. Check the position of the pilot burner in relation to the main burner.

B. Ensure that a pilot burner input automatically reduced when burner is on standby.

C. Determine if the “B” cock has the required range of adjustment for the burner[][][][][]

D. Check input to the thermocouple to ensure it is operating at maxiumum output[][][]

A

A. Check the position of the pilot burner in relation to the main burner.

70
Q

A sandpan burner works on the principle of:

A. A total premixing of gas and air before the combustion process.

B. Increasing the size of the venture to ensure a luminous flame pattern.

C. All air supplied as secondary air to ensure a luminous flame pattern[][]

D. Burning Propane with little primary air and low gas pressure to ensure large decorative luminous flame.

A

C. All air supplied as secondary air to ensure a luminous flame pattern.

71
Q

In the figure below, letter “D” is pointing to:

A. Air shutter.

B. Venturi[][][]]

C. Mixing tube.

D. Orifice[][][][][]

A

D. Orifice.

72
Q

In the figure below, the pressure of the air-gas mixture at “F” is:

A. Greater than at D.

B. The same as at D.

C. Lower than at D[][]

D. Lower than at C[]]

A

A. Greater than at D.

73
Q

In the figure below, the pressure upstream of the orifice when firing Natural Gas in a warm air furnace is usually ___ inches of water column.

A. 11.

B. 7[]

C. 5 1/2.

D. 3 1/2.

A

D. 3 1/2.

74
Q

In the figure below, what would most likely happen if dirt caused a partial blockage in gas flow at “D”?

A. Luminous flame.

B. Hard blue flames.

C. Flame lift-off[][][][]]

D. Flashback[][][][][][]]

A

D. Flashback.

75
Q

In the figure below, the pressure upstream of the orifice when firing propane in a warm air furnace is usually __ inches water column.

A. 11.

B. 7[]

C. 5 1/2.

D. 3 1/2.

A

A. 11.

76
Q

In the figure below, what would most likely happen if the orifice was too large?

A. Luminous flames.

B. Hard blue flames.

C. Flame lift-off[][][][][]

D. Flasback[][][][][][][][]

A

C. Flame lift-off.

77
Q

In the figure below, what would most likely happen to the main flame if the air shutter were closed?

A. Luminous flame.

B. Hard blue flame.

C. Busen flame[][][][]

D. Flashback[][][][][][]

A

A. Luminous flame.

78
Q

The correct gas mixture produces a:

A. Long, yellow flame.

B. Blue-pointed flame.

C. Flame that leaves the burner.

D. Flame whose cone touches the utensils on the burner.

A

B. Blue-pointed flame.

79
Q

A venture operates on the principle that, as the velocity increases, the pressure:

A. Increases.

B. Decreases.

C. Remains constant.

D. Fluctuates[][][][][][][]]

A

B. Decreases.

80
Q

On an atmospheric burner, a hard blue lifting flame is an indication of:

A. Over firing the burner.

B. Too much primary air[]]

C. The primary air shutter opening is blocked.

D. The orifice burner is undersized for the burner.

A

B. Too much primary air.

81
Q

Gas pilot outage complaints can be reduced by:

A. Trap in the gas line.

B. Filter the gas line[][]

C. Metal shield around the pilot.

D. Larger thermostat[][][][][][][][][][]]

A

C. Metal shield around the pilot.

82
Q

Pilot flames should be steady and:

A. Yellow in colour.

B. Blue in colour[][]

C. Orange in colour.

D. Clear[][][][][][][][][][][]

A

B. Blue in colour.

83
Q

The cause for a decreased pilot flame size that has been previously properly adjusted is:

A. Pilot orifice plugged.

B. Pinched tubing[][][][][]]

C. Pilot cock partly closed.

D. All of the above[][][][][][][]

A

D. All of the above.

84
Q

When making a turn-down test, before leaving any appliance that has been serviced, which of the following is being tested?

A. The thermostat.

B. The main gas valve.

C. The pilot burner[][][][]]

D. The pressure regulator.

A

C. The pilot burner.

85
Q

When a sandpan burner is installed in a fireplace, what must be done?

A. Supply a source of primary air.

B. Adjust the flue damper to an almost open position.

C. Permanently secure the flue damper to the full open position.

D. Permanently secure the flue damper to the closed position[][]]

A

C. Permanently secure the flue damper to the full open position.

86
Q

A pilot that burns at low turndown throughout the entire time the burner is in service whether or not the main burner is firing, except that upon a call for heat, the fuel flow to the pilot is automatically increased to produce a flame which will reliably ignite the main burner fuel is a good definition of a:

A. Continuous pilot.

B. Expanding pilot[]

C. Intermittent pilot.

D. Interrupted pilot.

A

B. Expanding pilot.

87
Q

Where is a fan located on a forced draft burner?

A. Downstream of the combustion zone.

B. Above the combustion zone[][][][][][][][]]

C. Underneath the combustion chamber.

D. Upstream of the combustion[][][][][][][][]]

A

D. Upstream of the combustion.

88
Q

The pilot should cover approximately _____ of the top of the thermocouple.

A. 1/16 - 1/4.

B. 1/3 - 1/2[][]

C. 1/2 - 5/8[]]

D. 3/4 - 7/8[]

A

B. 1/3 - 1/2.

Plumbing Level 4 (30 decks)

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