gametogenesis Flashcards
What is gametogenesis?
The process of producing gametes from the germinal epithelium in sex organs
What are the two types of gametogenesis?
Spermatogenesis (males) and Oogenesis (females).
What is spermatogenesis?
The process of sperm cell production in the testes.
Where does spermatogenesis occur?
In the seminiferous tubules of the testes.
Which hormone stimulates spermatogenesis?
testosterone
How many sperm cells are produced from one germinal cell?
Four haploid sperm cells.
What is the chromosome number in a mature sperm cell?
23 chromosomes (haploid, n).
What are the possible sex chromosomes in sperm cells?
X or Y
What are the three main parts of a sperm cell?
Head, Middle Piece (Neck), and Tail.
What is the function of the acrosome in the sperm cell?
Contains enzymes to break down the egg’s outer layer for fertilization.
Where is DNA stored in the sperm?
In the nucleus (in the head).
What is the function of mitochondria in the sperm?
Provides energy for movement.
What is the function of the tail in sperm?
Helps the sperm swim toward the egg.
What is oogenesis?
The process of egg (ovum) production in the ovaries.
Where does oogenesis occur?
In the ovaries.
Which hormone stimulates oogenesis?
Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH).
How many mature ova (egg cells) are produced from one germinal cell?
One (the other three degenerate).
What is the chromosome number in a mature egg cell?
23 chromosomes (haploid, n).
What sex chromosome is always present in an ovum?
X chromosome.
What are the main parts of an ovum?
Nucleus, Cytoplasm, Jelly Layer, and Follicle Cells.
What is the function of the nucleus in the ovum?
Contains DNA (22 autosomes + X chromosome).
What is the function of the cytoplasm in the ovum?
Nourishes the egg.
What is the function of the jelly layer around the ovum?
Protects the egg and supports early development after fertilization.
What is the function of the follicle cells?
Supports and nourishes the developing egg.
