Gait Flashcards
What is gait
……… mechanism by which the body is transported using coordinated movements of the major lower limb joints
…….. energy-efficient interaction of MSK and Neurological systems
What are the 5 attributes of normal gait
5 Attributes • Stability in Stance • Foot Clearance in Swing • Pre-positioning for Initial Contact • Adequate Step Length • Energy Conservation
What is the gait cycle
• Describes the period of time from initial contact to next initial contact on the same side
Describe the gait cycle in walking
60% stance 40% swing
Points of bobble support between them - see slide
Describe the gait cycle in running
Swing longer than stance, get 2 periods of double float
Describe the stance phase
- Initial Contact (Heel strike)
- Loading response
- Mid-stance (Foot flat)
- Terminal stance (Heel off)
- Pre-swing (Toe off)
Describe the swing phase
• Initial swing • Mid-swing • Terminal swing
Define stride
IC right -> IC left (one cycle)
Define step
Distance from IC right to IC left
Define cadence
No of steps per minute
What is kinematic
Describes motion: – joint angles – displacements – velocities – accelerations
What is kinetics
Describes the things that cause motion:
– forces – moments
Describe gait kinematics of the hip knee and ankle
See slide for graphs
What do muscles provide force for and how
Muscles produce force to
– Provide stability
– Propel body segments
Muscles work
– Concentric (shortening) – acceleration / power generation
– Eccentric (lengthening) – deceleration / power absorption
– Isometric (same length) – stability
Describe ankle kinetics
Generation of force shifts to muscles in posterior part of lower leg -
anterior has a rest
calf muscles very important for pushing off
