GA - Skull

Question 1

How many bones form the cranial portion of the skull?

Answer 1

8

Question 2

What are the 2 paired cranial bones of the skull?

Answer 2

Temporal Bones

Parietal Bones

Question 3

What are the 4 unpaired cranial bones of the skull?

Answer 3

Ethmoid Bone
Sphenoid Bone
Frontal Bone
Occipital Bone

Question 4

How many bones form the facial portion of the skull?

Answer 4

14

Question 5

What are the 6 paired facial bones of the skull?

Answer 5

Zygomatic Bones
Lacrimal Bones
Nasal Bones
Palatine Bones
Maxillae Bones
Inferior Nasal Conchae Bones

Question 6

What are the 2 unpaired facial bones of the skull?

Answer 6

Vomer Bone

Mandible Bone

Question 7

What is a Metopic Suture?

Answer 7

A ridge down the center of the frontal bone

Occurs if development from Branchial Arches doesn’t result in complete fusion of two sides of the frontal bone

Question 8

What is the Coronal Suture?

Answer 8

A ridge forming the border between the Frontal bone and the paired Parietal bones

Travels along the Coronal Plane (transverse, left and right)

Question 9

What is the Frontal Crest?

Answer 9

A crest on the interior surface of the frontal bone that vertically positioned

Acts as the attachment point of the Falx Cerebri (protective connective tissue for the brain)

Question 10

What is the Sagital Suture?

Answer 10

Ridge that forms the border between the paired Parietal Bones

Travels along the sagital plane (anterior, posterior direction)

Question 11

What is the Lambdoid Suture?

Answer 11

Ridge that forms the border between the paired Parietal bones and the Occipital Bone

Travels along the Coronal Plane (transverse; left, right direction)

Question 12

What is the Squamosal Suture?

Answer 12

Ridge that forms the border between the Parietal Bone and the Temporal Bone

There are two Squamosal Ridges, one on each side side of the skull

Travels along the transverse plane

Question 13

When surgical access is needed to cranial cavity, what approach allows for greatest healing potential

Answer 13

Periosteum has poor osteogenic properties (bone does not heal easily), it is typically wired or plated while healing

To promote greatest chance of healing, the bone flap removed remains incorporated with overlaying tissues (muscle and skin)

Question 14

What motion is involved with occipital bone articulation with the cervical vertebrae?

Answer 14

Nodding - anterior/posterior motion

Question 15

What bony feature is the location of the pituitary gland, and which bone of the skull is it part of?

Answer 15

Sella Turcica

Means Turkish Saddle

Found on the Sphenoid Bone

Question 16

What is significant about the Foramen Rotundum?

Answer 16

CN V2 (Maxillary Branch of the Trigeminal N.) exits the skull through the Foramen Rotundum

Question 17

What is significant of the Foramen Ovale?

Answer 17

CN V3 (Madnibular Branch of the Trigeminal N.) exits the skull through the Foramen Ovale

Question 18

What is significant of the Foramen Spinosum?

Answer 18

Middle Meningial Artery exits the skull through the Foramen Spinosum

Question 19

What are some important characteristics of the Sphenoid Bone?

Answer 19

Unites the Cranial and Fascial Bones of the Skull

Articulates with almost every bone in the skull

Contains the Sphenoid Sinuses

Question 20

What is the Crista Galli?

Answer 20

Attachment point for the Falx Cerebri on the Ethmoid Bone

Question 21

What is the part of the Ethmoid Bone that forms part of the Eye Socket?

Answer 21

Orbital Plate of the Ethmoid Bone forms the Medial Wall of the Orbit

Question 22

What is the perpendicular plate?

Answer 22

Thin plate of bone in the center of the Ethmoid Bone that forms the superior portion of the Nasal Septum

Question 23

What are the Cranial Fossae and what sits in each of them?

Answer 23

Anterior Cranial Fossa - Frontal lobe of the brain sits in it

Middle Cranial Fossa - Temporal Lobes of the brain sit in it

Posterior Cranial Fossa - Cerebellum sits in it

Question 24

What is the Vomer?

Answer 24

Thin bone sheet that forms the inferior portion of the Nasal Septum

Question 25

What do the Ala of the Vomer articulate with?

Answer 25

Sphenoid Bone

Question 26

What forms the Posterior portion of the Hard Palate?

Answer 26

Horizontal Plate of the Palatine Bone

Question 27

What forms the lateral wall of the nasal cavity?

Answer 27

Perpendicular Plate of the Palatine bone

Question 28

What congenital issue can arise from a failure of fusion of the palate?

Answer 28

Cleft Lip Cleft palate

Question 29

What are three primary types of Maxillary Fracture?

Answer 29

Le Fort I - Fracture takes the Alveolar Process off the Maxilla, cracking off the upper teeth Le Fort 2 - Across the Bridge of the nose, through medial portion of the orbit, and across the Zygomaxillary Suture Le Fort 3 - Detaches upper part of face from the cranium - Across the bridge of the nose, across the inferior portion of the orbit - Follows the Frontomaxillary suture

Question 30

What are the bones that make up the Nasal Cavity?

Answer 30

6 Bones: - Nasal Bone - Maxilla Bone - Inferior Nasal Concha - Ethmoid Bone - Sphenoid Bone - Palatine Bone

Question 31

What are the bones that make up the orbit?

Answer 31

7 Bones: - Frontal Bone - Maxilla Bone - Zygomaster Bone - Ethmoid Bone - Sphenoid Bone - Palatine Bone - Lacrimal Bone

Question 32

What the major Sinuses in the face?

Answer 32

Frontal Sinus Maxillary Sinus Ethmoid Sinus Sphenoid Sinus

Question 33

What are the major spaces between skull bones found in infants?

Answer 33

4 Fontanelles Anterior Fontanelle - Between frontal bone and both parietal bones Posterior Fontanelle - Between the Occipital Bone and both parietal bones ``` Sphenoid Fontanelles (2) - Between the Frontal bone, parietal bone, Zygomaster bone, temporal bone, and sphenoid bone ``` ``` Mastoid Fontanelles (2) - Between the Occipital bone, Parietal bone, and the temporal bone ```