G7 Craniovertebral Joints

Question 1

This joint contributes to nodding movement (yes); also allows for tilting of head, side-to-side

Answer 1

Atlanto-occipital joint

Question 2

This joint contributes to rotation movement (no)

Answer 2

Atlanto-axial joint

Question 3

The cranial vault is lined with _____ and continuous inferiorly into spinal column. Beneath this is the ____ (a superior extension of the posterior longitudinal ligament). Beneath this are the craniovertebral joints and deep ligaments.

Answer 3

Periosteal dura mater

Tectorial membrane

Question 4

This is the superior extension of the anterior longitudinal ligament. It attaches to the base of the occipital bone superiorly at margin of foramen magnum; covers anterior arch of atlas.

Answer 4

Anterior Atlanto-occipital membrane

Question 5

Posterior membrane between atlas and occipital bone. Uppermost extent of ligamentum flavum.

Answer 5

Posterior Atlanto-occipital membrane

Question 6

This ligament holds dens of axis (C2) tightly to anterior arch of atlas (C1). Very strong, bow-shaped ligament. (Clinical note: dens fractures occur at base usually, often don’t reunite due to this ligament)

Answer 6

Transverse Ligament of Atlas

Question 7

This ligament is formed by transverse ligament of atlas and 2 bands:

The Superior Longitudinal band attaches to ____

The inferior longitudinal band attaches to ____

Answer 7

Cruciform (Cruciate) Ligament

Foramen magnum base

Dens of C2 post

Question 8

Strong paired ligaments that extend from dens to medial portions of occipital condyles. “Check” lateral rotation of skull/head

Answer 8

Alar (Check) Ligament

Question 9

Slender band ascending from apex of dens. Attaches to anterior margin of foramen magnum.

Answer 9

Apical Ligament of Dens

Question 10

CNs ____ and ____ each give rise to superior and inferior ganglia (sensory ganglia within the jugular foramen)

Answer 10

IX

X

Question 11

The ____ gives rise to superior cervical ganglion and sends off internal carotid plexus (travels on ICA)

Answer 11

Sympathetic trunk

Question 12

The glossopharyngeal n (CN IX) runs along and innervates this muscle before descending to the pharynx and back of the tongue:

Answer 12

Stylopharyngeus m.

Question 13

The Vagus N. (CN X) gives off 2 branches at the base of the skull

Answer 13

1. Pharyngeal n.

2. Superior Laryngeal n.

Question 14

The pharyngeal plexus of nerves is formed by the union of pharyngeal branches of CN ___ (primarily contributes sensory fibers) and CN ___ (primarily motor innervation and p-symp)

Answer 14

IX

X

Question 15

Plane of Blunt Dissection is Between:

Answer 15

Carotid sheaths and pre-vertebral muscles

Question 16

The Cervical Plexus is formed by:

Answer 16

C1-C4

Question 17

The Phrenic n. Is formed by ____

Answer 17

C3-C5