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D1S U2 Anatomy > G2 Anterior Cervical Triangle, Cervical Viscera, Root Of Neck > Flashcards

G2 Anterior Cervical Triangle, Cervical Viscera, Root Of Neck Flashcards

1
Q

Posterior Cervical Triangle boundaries:

A
  1. Anterior- SCM
  2. Posterior- Trapezius m.
  3. Inferior- middle 1/3 of clavicle
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2
Q

Anterior Cervical Triangle boundaries:

A
  1. Lateral- Anterior border of SCM m.
  2. Superior- Inferior border of mandible
  3. Medial- midline of neck
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3
Q

Platysma m. Innervation:

A

CN VII (Cervical branch of facial n.)

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4
Q

Anterior cervical triangle can be subdivided into 4 smaller triangles:

A
  1. Submental triangle
  2. Submandibular triangle
  3. Muscular triangle
  4. Carotid triangle
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5
Q

Two muscle groups of anterior cervical triangle:

A
  1. Suprahyoid mm.

2. Infrahyoid mm.

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6
Q

Suprahyoid muscles (elevate hyoid bone):

A
  1. Stylohyoid m.
  2. Digastric m.
  3. Mylohyoid m.
  4. Geniohyoid m.
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7
Q

Stylohyoid m.
A:
N:

A

Pulls hyoid bone upward in posterosuperior direction

Facial n. (CN VII)

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8
Q

Digastric m.
A:
N:

A

Mandible fixed- raises hyoid
Hyoid fixed- lowers mandible

Ant. Belly- CN V3 (mandibular branch)
Post. Belly- CN VII

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9
Q

Mylohyoid m.
A:
N:

A

Supports/elevates floor of mouth; elevates hyoid

CN V3 (mand branch)

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10
Q

Geniohyoid m.
A:
N:

A

Mandible fixed- elevates and pulls hyoid forward
Hyoid fixed- pulls mandible downward and inward

Branch from anterior ramus of C1 carried via hypoglossal n. (CN XII)

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11
Q

Infrahyoid mm. (“Strap muscles”):

A
  1. Omohyoid m.
  2. Sternohyoid m.
  3. Thyrohyoid m.
  4. Sternothyroid m.
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12
Q

Sternohyoid m.
A:
N:

A

Depresses hyoid bone after swallowing

Anterior rami of C1-C3 via ansa cervicalis

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13
Q

Omohyoid m.
A:
N:

A

Depresses and fixes hyoid bone

Anterior rami of C1-C3 via ansa cervicalis

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14
Q

Thyrohyoid m.
A:
N:

A

Depresses hyoid.
Hyoid fixed- raises layrnx

Fibers from anterior ramus of C1 carried via hypoglossal n. (CN XII) (nerve to thyrohyoid m.)

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15
Q

Sternothyroid m.
A:
N:

A

Draws larynx (thyroid cartilage) downward

Anterior rami of C1-C3 via ansa cervicalis

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16
Q

This vein drains the anterior neck; located in the midline. Empties into subclavian v or external jugular v.

A

Anterior Jugular v.

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17
Q

Vein that connects common facial v with the anterior Jugular v.

A

Communicating Branch

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18
Q

This vein is formed by superficial temporal v and maxillary v. Divides into anterior and posterior divisions.

A

Retromandibular v.

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19
Q

The anterior division of Retromandibular vein and facial vein join to form:

A

Common facial vein

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20
Q

The posterior division of retromandibular vein and posterior auricular vein join to form:

A

External jugular v.

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21
Q

This vein originates at angle of eye. Receives tributaries from veins draining face. Drains into internal jugular v.

A

Facial v.

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22
Q

Drains blood from skull, brain, superficial face, cervical viscera. Traverses neck within carotid sheath.

A

Internal jugular v.

23
Q

The internal jugular v joins with subclavian v to form _____

A

Brachiocephalic v.

24
Q

The Right Common Carotid a. Comes from the _____

The Left Common Carotid a. Comes from the _____

A

Brachiocephalic trunk

Arch of aorta

25
Q

The _____ carotid a. Gives off no branches in neck while the ____ carotid a. Gives off branches immediately after bifurcation from common carotid a.

A

Internal

External

26
Q

1st anterior branch of external carotid a. Gives off superior laryngeal a.

A

Superior thyroid a.

27
Q

Superior laryngeal a. Pierces the _____ together with internal branch of superior laryngeal n.

A

Thyrohyoid membrane

28
Q

2nd anterior branch of external carotid a arises at level of greater horn of hyoid bone. Passes deeply into muscle of tongue.

A

Lingual a.

29
Q

3rd anterior branch of external carotid a. Crosses inferior border of mandible to supply face

A

Facial a.

30
Q

1st posterior branch of external carotid a. Arises close to bifurcation of common carotid a. Ascends to supply pharynx and tonsils.

A

Ascending pharyngeal a.

31
Q

2nd posterior branch of external carotid a. Passes deep to posterior belly of digastric m. Ascends to supply neck and scalp. Sends off muscular branch to SCM

A

Occipital a.

32
Q

3rd posterior branch of external carotid a. Supplies scalp posterior to ear.

A

Posterior Auricular a.

33
Q

Carotid Sheath contents:

A
  1. Carotid a. (Common carotid a., internal carotid a., carotid sinus)
  2. Internal jugular v.
  3. Vagus n. (CN X)
34
Q

This nerve travels transversely across middle of SCM to provide cutaneous innervation to skin overlying anterior cervical triangle.

A

Transverse cervical n. (C2-C3)

35
Q

This nerve innervates infrahyoid mm. The superior root is from ___ fibers of anterior rami. The inferior root is from ____ of anterior rami.

A

Ansa Cervicalis

C1

C2/C3

36
Q

Submental triangle
Borders:
Contents:

A

Inferior- Hyoid bone
Lateral (R)- Anterior belly of digastric m.
Lateral (L)- Anterior belly of digastric m.

Mylohyoid m.
Submental lymph nodes
Small veins

37
Q

Submandibular (Digastric) triangle
Borders:
Contents:

A

Superior- Inferior border of mandible
Anterior/inferior- anterior belly of digastric m.
Posterior/inferior- posterior belly of digastric m.

Submandibular gland/lymph nodes, marginal mandibular branch of facial n., CN XII, mylohyoid n., facial a./v.

38
Q

Muscular triangle
Borders:
Contents:

A

Superior- hyoid bone
Lateral- Superior belly of omohyoid m., anterior border of SCM m.
Medial- midline of neck

Omohyoid, sternohyoid, sternothyroid, thyrohyoid mm.
Thyroid gland, parathyroid glands, trachea, esophagus, common carotid a., internal jugular v.

39
Q

Carotid triangle
Borders:
Contents:

A

Superior- Stylohyoid m., posterior belly of digastric m.
Posterior- anterior border of SCM m.
Anteroinferior- superior belly of omohyoid m.

CN X, laryngeal nn., CN XI, CN XII, ansa cervicalis.
Common, internal, external carotid aa., branches of external carotid a.
All branches of veins -> IJV

40
Q

Emergency procedure to establish airway (cuts cricothyroid membrane)

A

Cricothyrotomy

41
Q

Creation of midline incision in trachea and insertion of tube to enable ventilation. Performed in cases of airway obstruction.

A

Tracheotomy (Tracheostomy)

42
Q

1st branch off external carotid a. Supplies superior pole of lateral lobe of thyroid gland.

A

Superior Thyroid a.

43
Q

Branch off thyrocervical trunk (from subclavian a.). Supplies inferior pole of lateral lobe of thyroid gland.

A

Inferior Thyroid a.

44
Q

Small artery occasionally found arising from brachiocephalic trunk or arch of aorta. Ascend anterior surface of trachea to supply thyroid gland.

A

Thyroid ima a.

45
Q

The superior thyroid and middle thyroid vv. Drain into the _____. The inferior thyroid v drains into _____.

A

Internal jugular v.

Brachiocephalic vv.

46
Q

Excision of part/most of thyroid gland:

A

Thyroidectomy

47
Q

Junction between thorax and neck, lies superior to superior thoracic aperture.

A

Root of the neck

48
Q

The vertebral artery enters transverse foramen of ___ and passes up to ___

A

C6

C1

49
Q

Provides all parasympathetic innervation to neck.

A

Vagus n. (CN X)

50
Q

The ___ recurrent laryngeal n loops around ___ subclavian a.

The ___ recurrent laryngeal n loops below and behind arch or aorta.

A

R
R

L

51
Q

Major lymphatic channel that drains lymph from left upper limb, head, neck, thorax, abdomen, lower limbs. Drains into left venous angle.

A

Thoracic Duct

52
Q

Junction between left internal jugular v. And left subclavian v.

A

Left venous angle

53
Q

Drains lymph from right upper limb, head, neck, and thorax. Drains into right venous angle.

A

Right lymphatic duct

D1S U2 Anatomy (13 decks)

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