G1 Neck Fascia

Question 1

Fascia of neck surrounds trapezius and SCM mm and infrahyoid mm

Answer 1

Investing fascia

Question 2

Fascia of neck that surrounds the thyroid, trachea, esophagus, post. Surface of infrahyoid mm

Answer 2

Pretracheal fascia

Question 3

Fascia of neck that surrounds pharynx posteriorly

Answer 3

Buccopharyngeal fascia

Question 4

Anterior layer of prevertebral fascia and runs behind buccopharyngeal fascia

Answer 4

Alar fascia

Question 5

Fascia of neck that surrounds prevertebral and deep back mm

Answer 5

Prevertebral fascia

Question 6

Column of fascia that surrounds the CCA, ICA, IJV and Vagus n.

Answer 6

Carotid Sheath

Question 7

Infections/blood in this sheath may spread from the skull down into the middle mediastinum (and the rest of the body)

Answer 7

Carotid Sheath

Question 8

Space between buccopharyngeal and alar fascia. From skull base down into superior mediastinum. Infections can spread between these 2 regions -> rest of body

Answer 8

Retropharyngeal Space

Question 9

Space between alar and prevertebral fascia. Infections here can spread from skull base down into posterior mediastinum. Notorious for inferior spread of infections

Answer 9

Prevertebral “Danger” Space

Question 10

Horizontal Zones of the Neck:

Answer 10

Zone 1 = thoracic inlet to cricoid cartilage
Zone 2 = cricoid cartilage to angle of mandible
Zone 3 = angle of mandible to base of skull

Question 11

Cutaneous nerve. Runs superiorly along posterior border of SCM. Crosses over portion of occipital a. Supplies skin of scalp at apex of triangle.

Answer 11

Lesser Occipital Nerve (C2-C3)

Question 12

Cutaneous nerve. Ascends vertically on surface of SCM. Runs with EJV superiorly toward ear. Supplies lobe and skin posterior to ear (plus angle of mandible to mastoid process).

Answer 12

Great Auricular Nerve (C2-C3)

Question 13

Cutaneous nerve. Runs transversely across middle of SCM. Supplies skin of anterior cervical triangle and lateral neck.

Answer 13

Transverse Cervical Nerve (C2-C3)

Question 14

Cutaneous nerve. Generally 3 branches (medial, intermediate, lateral [post.] nn.). Run superficial to clavicle and deep to platysma. Supply skin of clavicular region.

Answer 14

Supraclavicular Nerves (C3-C4)

Question 15

Motor nerve. Emerges from jugular foramen of skull. Runs diagonally thru triangle deep to investing fascia. Supplies both SCM and trapezius mm.

Answer 15

Accessory Nerve (CN XI)

Question 16

Motor nerve. Descends vertically along anterior scalene m. Crossed anteriorly by transverse cervical a. And suprascapular a. Enters thorax between suclavian v and a. Travels along pericardial sac to supply diaphragm.

Answer 16

Phrenic Nerve (C3-C5)

Question 17

Vessels of Posterior Triangle:

Answer 17

1. External Jugular v. (EJV)- drains into subclavian v.
2. Transverse cervical a.- from thyrocervical trunk
3. Suprascapular a. - from thyrocervical trunk

Question 18

Splenius Capitis m.
A:
N:

Answer 18

A: Extend and laterally rotate head and neck
N: Dorsal rami of spinal nn.

Question 19

Levator Scapulae m.
A:
N:

Answer 19

A: Elevate scapula
N: Dorsal scapular n. (C5)

Question 20

3 Scalene Muscles (Anterior, Middle, Posterior)
A:
N:

Answer 20

A: Tilt neck laterally
N: Ventral rami C3-C8 nn.

Question 21

Interscalene Triangle Boundaries:

Passes Thru:

Answer 21

1. Anterior Scalene
2. Middle Scalene
3. 1st rib
4. Brachial plexus
5. Subclavian a.

(Subclavian v. Passes anterior to anterior scalene m.)