G&D of an Infant Flashcards
What are Erikson’s four AGES of childhood?
Infancy trust vs mistrust
Toddlerhood autonomy vs shame & doubt
Preschooler initiative vs guilt
School-age industry vs inferiority
Explain stage one of Eriskson’s eight stages of psych. dilemmas
Trust vs. Mistrust (0-1 year)
Trust: Established when babies given adequate warmth, touching, love,& physical care, responding to crying
Mistrust: Caused by inadequate or unpredictable care and by cold, indifferent, & rejecting parents
Explain stage two of Eriskson’s eight stages of psych. dilemmas
Autonomy vs. Shame & Doubt (1-3years)
Autonomy: Doing things for themselves
Overprotective or ridiculing parents may cause children to doubt abilities & feel shameful about their actions
What is Piaget’s First Stage of Cognitive Development?
Sensorimotor (0-2 Years) in this stage:
- Progress from reflexive, instinctual actions to beginning of symbolic thinking
- All sensory input & motor responses are coordinated;
- Most intellectual development is nonverbal
- Think with their eyes, ears, hands, & senses
- ‘Object Permanence’ objects still exist
- assimilation, accommodation.
What are some hunger cues?
A quick, calm & reassuring response from caregiver teaches child to trust.
What are anger cues?
demonstrate recognizable anger outbursts 4 to 6 months
-Anger is about developing a sense of power & control
When does stranger anxiety develop?
Occurs between 8 to 12 months when confronted with something new, meet new people, or put into a new situation
What are some Physical Milestones?
Over first 12 months infants gradually learn to gain control over physical movements
Skills such as rolling over, taking a first step, smiling for 1st time, crawling, & waving “bye-bye” are called developmental milestones
*What are factors that influence G&D of an infant?
- Socioeconomic level
- Interpersonal relationships
- Family position
- Nutrition*
- Heredity & prenatal environment
- Temperament ( easy, difficult, slow to warm up)
- Neuorendocrine: hypothalamic-pituitary
- Environment
What are some milestones at 2 months?
smiles to express pleasure
recognizes & prefers familiar faces & voices
feels safe when needs are met, discovers hands (hands to mouth)
What are some milestones at 3 months?
Reaches for objects Pushes up & lifts head Rolls over in 1 way, turns head with noise Shows emotions Forms attachment Different cries, babbles
What are some milestones at 4 months?
- rolls back to side
- grasp both hands
- hand to mouth, tries to reach
- waves & mouths a rattle
What are some milestones at 5 months?
- sits with support & head erect
- vocalizes displeasure-coo & squeals
- pats objects
- signs of teething
What are some milestones at 6 months?
- holds head steady
- ready for solid food
- stands up while holding on
- grasps using palm & fingers
- babbling B, D, M, & G
What are some milestones at 7 months?
- scoots
- sits leaning forward on hands
- bounces when held upright
- increased fear of strangers
- oral aggressiveness
