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fws1401 > Fws-Bourgogne > Flashcards

Fws-Bourgogne Flashcards

1
Q

Bourgogne was an ancient trading site near which four rivers?

A

Saone, Loire, Rhone and Seine

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2
Q

When was Burgundia absorbed into the Frankish kingdom?

A

534 AD

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3
Q

When did Romans conquer the Celtic tribe in Burgundy?

A

52 BC

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4
Q

When were the first named vineyards of Burgundy established?

A

Clos de Beze in 630 and Corton in 775.

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5
Q

Name the 4 Dukes of Burgundy.

A

Philippe the Bold, John the Fearless, Philippe the Good, Charles the Bold [mnemonic: PJPC]

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6
Q

What was the contribution of Philippe the Bold in wine?

A

outlawed Gamay (easier to grow than Pinot Noir)

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7
Q

What was the contribution of John the Fearless in wine?

A

fixed the Burgundy zone of production from Sens to Macon

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8
Q

What was the contribution of Philippe the Good in wine?

A

built the Hospices of Beaune, created good will for area of Borgogne

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9
Q

Why is Ladoix-Serrigny an exception to the Burgundy village naming scheme?

A

Ladoix and Serrigny are twin hamlets; Serrigny is not a vineyard.

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10
Q

What is a monopole?

A

a vineyard with a single proprietor

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11
Q

Why are Pommard, Meursalt and Volnay exceptions to the Burgundy village naming scheme?

A

They have no Grand Cru vineyards, so could not append a vineyard name to the village.

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12
Q

How has Burgundy wine style production changed from 1986 to today?

A

was 60% red, now 66% white with expansion of Chablis and Maconnais

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13
Q

What kind of training system was used in Burgundy after phylloxera replanting?

A

Guyot, one long cane and one short spur

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14
Q

What was the effect of the Napoleonic Code on Burgundy estates?

A

resulted in fractionalization of vineyards (did not occur in Bordeaux because of incorporation of estates and division by shares)

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15
Q

When was the first wine auction at Hospices de Beaune?

A

1859

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16
Q

What were the 3 main drivers of change in Burgundy in the 19th century?

A

a) French Revolution removed control of vineyards from church hands, b) Napoleonic Code resulted in fractionalization of vineyards, c) phylloxera decimation

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17
Q

What is the climate of Burgundy?

A

semi-continental

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18
Q

Name the 2 primary grapes of Burgundy.

A

Chardonnay and Pinot Noir

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19
Q

Name the 5 secondary grapes of Burgundy.

A

Gamay (r), Aligote (w), Pinot Gris (w), Sacy (w), Cesar (r) [mnemonic: GAPS-C]

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20
Q

Why is Nuits-Saint-Georges an exception to the Burgundy village naming scheme?

A

Les Saint Georges is a Premier Cru.

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21
Q

How many AOC’s are in Burgundy?

A

101, about 20% of the total number of French AOC’s.

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22
Q

What percent of French wine comes from Burgundy?

A

About 6%.

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23
Q

What are the primary and secondary flavors of Chardonnay?

A

Primary fruit flavors are apple and citrus; secondary aromas of butter, nuts, ginger, vanilla and nutmeg

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24
Q

What are the primary and secondary flavors of Pinot Noir?

A

Primary fruit flavors are cherry and strawberry; secondary aromas of earth, leather, violets, clove, cinnamon, sandalwood, smoke and truffles

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25
Q

What are the aromas of Aligote?

A

jasmine and vanilla

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26
Q

What are the aromas of Gamay?

A

rose, iris, violet

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27
Q

Most Burgundy wines are a single variety, name two exceptions.

A

Passe-tout-Grains and Cremant de Bourgogne

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28
Q

Name crosses from Gouais Blanc x Pinot.

A

the standard grapes of Bourgogne: Aligote, Gamay Noir, Chardonnay and Sacy (except Cesare) plus Melon, Romorantin

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29
Q

Where are the oldest marine deposits located in Burgundy?

A

Macon.

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30
Q

Where are the youngest marine deposits located in Burgundy?

A

Chablis.

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31
Q

What are colluvial soils?

A

formed from rain-driven slope wash

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32
Q

What are alluvial soils?

A

deposited by river flow

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33
Q

What amount of rain and thickness of the topsoil is characteristic at the top of the slope?

A

thinnest topsoil, least amount of rain

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34
Q

What is the rating of vineyards at the top of the slope?

A

Premier Cru

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35
Q

In what section of the slope are located Grand Cur vineyards?

A

middle of the slope

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36
Q

What amount of rain and thickness of the topsoil is characteristic at the bottom of the slope?

A

Most amount of rain and deepest soil, Village AOC’s.

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37
Q

What amount of rain and thickness of the topsoil is characteristic in the plain of Burgundy?

A

deep soils and ample water supply, wines with minimal distinction.

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38
Q

Chardonnay prefers what soils?

A

marly soils for concentration of flavor and age-worthy

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39
Q

What is the result of Chardonnay in clay soils?

A

wines of structure and depth, round, earthy

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40
Q

What is the result of Chardonnay in limestone soils?

A

high acid wines with citrus and mineral, Chardonnay can be low acid in some settings

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41
Q

Pinot Noir prefers what soils?

A

limestone soils for elegant wines with good aromatics

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42
Q

What is the result of Pinot Noir in clay soils?

A

less aromatic and less complex, needs 5-7 years of bottle age

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43
Q

What is the result of Pinot Noir in marl soils?

A

less elegant, more structure and fruit

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44
Q

What percent of Burgundy wine is Grand Cru?

A

2%

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45
Q

How many Grand Crus are in Burgundy?

A

33

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46
Q

Why is Chablis an exception for Burgundy labels?

A

Chablis is always listed on the label along with the Grand Cru vineyard name.

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47
Q

What percent of Burgundy wine is Premier Cru?

A

10%

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48
Q

How many Premier Crus are in Burgundy?

A

635

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49
Q

At what levels of the wine quality pyramid are varietal nomenclature permitted?

A

Regional (bottom) only.

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50
Q

Does the name of the village appear on the label of Grand Cru wine in Bourgogne?

A

No (except for Chablis)

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51
Q

How many Premiers Crus AOCs are in Bourgogne?

A

None, they are included in the 44 Village AOC’s

52
Q

Chablis and Grand Auxerrois belong to what department? what region?

A

Yvonne department in Bourgogne region

53
Q

Cote d’Or belongs to what department? what region?

A

Cote d’Or department in Bourgogne region

54
Q

Macon belongs to what department? what region?

A

Saone et Loire department in Bourgogne region

55
Q

Cote Chalonnaise belongs to what department? what region?

A

Saone et Loire department in Bourgogne region

56
Q

What are the 4 departments of Bourgogne region?

A

Saone et Loire, Cote d’Or, Yvonne, Nievre

57
Q

What is the more common name for Pinot Beurot

A

Pinot Gris

58
Q

Name two exceptions to the single-varietal rule in Borgogne.

A

Passe-tout-Grains AOC - predominantly Gamay blends; Cremant de Bourgogne AOC - sparking blends that can include any of the primary or secondary grapes of Bourgogne except Pinot Gris.

59
Q

What is the predominant grape in Passe-tout-Grains AOC?

A

Gamay in this Bourgogne blend

60
Q

What percent of Cote de Beaune wine production is white?

A

43%

61
Q

How many Grands Crus are in Cote de Beaune?

A

8

62
Q

How many red Grands Crus are in Cote de Beaune?

A

1, Corton which is both red and white

63
Q

Which Cote de Beaune village has the most Premiers Crus?

A

Beaune, 42

64
Q

Which Cote de Beaune village has the most Grands Crus?

A

Puligny-Montrachet, 4

65
Q

What are the 3 Grands Crus of Chassagne-Montrachet?

A

Montrachet, Batard-Montrachet, Criots-Batard-Montrachet

66
Q

Which Grand Cru of Chassagne-Montrachet is not shared with Puligny?

A

Criots-Batard-Montrachet

67
Q

What are the 4 Grands Crus of Puligny-Montrachet?

A

Montrachet, Batard-Montrachet, Chevalier-Montrachet, Bienvenues-Batard-Montrachet

68
Q

What is the southernmost appellation in Cotes de Beaune?

A

Maranges

69
Q

What is the most fragmented of France’s important wine-growing districts?

A

Bourgogne, average domaine is 18.5 acres (WAW)

70
Q

How common are monopoles in Bourgogne?

A

rare

71
Q

How many regional AOCs are in Bourgogne?

A

24

72
Q

How many village AOCs are in Bourgogne?

A

44

73
Q

How many Grands Crus are in Chablis?

A

1 with 7 climats, all sharing a slope on a single hillside

74
Q

Where is the Chatillonnaise located?

A

between Chablis and Dijon

75
Q

What style of wine is most renown in Chatillonnaise AOC?

A

Cremant de Bourgogne AOC (also includes Sacy and Aligote)

76
Q

Where is Cote Chalonnaise?

A

between Cote de Beaune and Macon

77
Q

Name the principal villages of Cote Chalonnaise from North to South.

A

Bouzeron, Rully, Mercurey, Givry, Montagny [mnemonic: Booze really makes guys mad; not Reuilly in Loire, not Gevrey in Cote de Nuits, not Bouzy in Champagne, not xxx-Montrachet)

78
Q

What is the difference between Bouzy and Bouzeron?

A

Bouzeron is a village in Cote Chalonnase and Bouzy is a village in Champagne.

79
Q

What is the difference between Aube and Aude?

A

Aube is a French department in the Champagne-Ardennes region of north-eastern France named after the Aube River and Aude is southernmost department of Languedoc.

80
Q

What is the difference between Chatillonnaise and Cote Chalonnaise?

A

Chatillonnase is in northern Bourgogne and Cote Chalonnaise is in southern Bourgogne.

81
Q

What is the difference between Rully and Reuilly?

A

Rully is a village in Cote Chalonnaise and Reuilly is an AOC in Loire.

82
Q

What is the difference between Givry and Gevrey?

A

Givry is a village in Cote Chalonnaise and Gevrey is a village in Cote de Nuits

83
Q

What is Santenay?

A

a southern village in Cote de Beaune known for red wine

84
Q

What is the northernmost village of Cote de Beaune?

A

Ladoix-Serrigny

85
Q

Name the 3 villages closest to Corton hill.

A

Ladoix-Serrigny, Aloxe-Corton, Pernand-Vergelesses

86
Q

Where is Corton hill?

A

Northern aspect of Cote de Beaune.

87
Q

Where is the Grand Cru Charlemagne?

A

within the Aloxe-Corton commune (northern Beaune)

88
Q

Which village in Cote de Nuits produces red wines that are marked exception to the rule of firm structure?

A

Chambolle-Musigny, delicate and lacy

89
Q

What percent of wine production in Cote de Nuits is red?

A

87%

90
Q

How many Grand Crus are in Cote de Nuits?

A

24

91
Q

How many white Grands Crus are in Cote de Nuits?

A

1, Musigny.

92
Q

Which Cote de Nuits village is known for rose

A

Marsannay

93
Q

Which Cote d’Or village has the most Grands Crus?

A

Gevrey-Chambertain, 9

94
Q

What is the only Cote de Nuits Grand Cru that rests at the bottom of the slope?

A

Vougeot [mnemonic: Peugeot, bottom of the heap]

95
Q

What is the etymologic origin of Cote d’Or

A

“golden slope” due to the yellowing of the vine leaves in the fall

96
Q

Which vineyards in Chablis are associated with Kimmeridgean marl?

A

the Grand Cru and Premier Cru vineyards

97
Q

Which vineyards in Chablis are associated with Portlandian marl?

A

vineyards of Chablis AOC and Petit Chablis

98
Q

Who granted the villages rights to append the most famous vineyard name to the name of the village itself?

A

King Louis-Philippe (1847), Gevrey became Gevrey-Chambertain

99
Q

For Morey Saint-Denis: Is Clos St. Denis the Grand Cru site in the village of Morey.

A

Yes.

100
Q

When was the first official vineyard classification carry out?

A

1861

101
Q

What are the four most important grapes of Burgundy?

A

Chardonnay, Pinot Noir, Aligote, Gamay

102
Q

What wine styles are allowed in Passe-tout-Grains?

A

red and rose

103
Q

What is the minimum % of Pinot Noir (or Pinot Liebault)required in a Passe-tout-Grains?

A

33%

104
Q

What % of Burgundy’s production is IGP?

A

0%, all Bourgogne wine is AOC

105
Q

What is the most common type of soil found in the Chatillonais and Grand Auxerrois?

A

Portlandian marl

106
Q

Name two communal AOC’s in Grand Auxerrois and the principal grapes from each.

A

Irancy AOC - Pinot Noir (can be blended with Cesar); Saint Bris AOC - Sauvignon Blanc

107
Q

Name the Grand Cru AOCs in the Cote d’Or that allow for both red and white wine production.

A

Musigny (Cote de Nuits) and Corton (Cote de Beaune)

108
Q

Are all the Grand Crus in the Cote de Beaune allowed to produce white wine?

A

yes, Corton is the only Grand Cru in the Cote de Beaune that is allowed for both red and white wine production.

109
Q

How many villages share the Cote de Nuits-Villages AOC? Name them all.

A
  1. Fixin, Brochon, Premeaux, Comblanchien, Corgoloin [mneumonic: PreFaB-CC]
110
Q

Name the 2 Grand Cru vineyards in both Puligny-Montrachet and Chassagne-Montrachet.

A

Montrachet and Batard-Montrachet

111
Q

Name the Grand Cru vineyards in Puligny-Montrachet not shared with Chassagne-Montrachet.

A

Chevalier-Montrachet and Bienvenues-Batard Montrachet

112
Q

Name the Grand Cru vineyards in Chassagne-Montrachet not shared with Puligny-Montrachet.

A

Criots-Batard-Montrachet

113
Q

What percent of Cote Chalonnaise wine production is white?

A

38%

114
Q

What is the largest wine region within Bourgogne?

A

Maconnais

115
Q

Name the only region in Burgundy where granite and schist are widely found.

A

Maconnais

116
Q

What is the western border of the Maconnais?

A

Grosne Valley

117
Q

What % of production in the Maconnais is regional level Macon AOC?

A

80%

118
Q

Are acidification and chaptalization both allowed in Bourgogne?

A

Yes. However, you cannot do both to the same wine. (quizlet)

119
Q

How many Grand Cru AOCs are found in the Cote d’Or?

A
  1. The 33rd Grand Cru is in Chablis.
120
Q

Where is the Rock of Solutre?

A

Pouilly-Fuisse

121
Q

What are the three bioherms that surround Pouilly-Fuisse?

A

Rock of Solutre, Rock of Vergisson, the Mont de Pouilly

122
Q

What is the principal grape in Bouzeron?

A

Aligote (Cote Chalonnaise)

123
Q

For each of the following Bourgogne villages, name the predominant wine style: Marsanny, Morey Saint-Denis, Meursault, Mercurey, Montagny

A

Marsanny - rose, Morey Saint-Denis - red (?), Meursault - white, Mercurey - red, Montagny - (only) white

124
Q

What is the difference between Montagny and Musigny?

A

Montagny is the only 100% Chardonnay AOC in Cote Challonnaise. Musigny is the only white Grand Cru in Cote de Nuits

125
Q

Name the 7 climats of Chablis Grand Cru AOC.

A

Bourgros, Les Clos, Grenouilles, Blanchot, Les Preuses, Valmur, Vaudesir [mnemonic: forGiVaBLe]

126
Q

What is the difference between Volnay and Vougeot?

A

Vougeot is a Cote de Nuits village with one Grand Cru, Volnay is a Cote de Beaune Village with no Grand Cru.

127
Q

The Knights of Malta (1300’s) valued which wine above all others in Burgundy?

A

Volnay, made of Pinot Gris

fws1401 (19 decks)

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