Fungi (Ascomycetes) Flashcards
1
Q
Reproduction
A
- sexual: sac-like asci with ascospores
- vegetative: conidiospores on hyphae called conidiophores
2
Q
Ascomycetous yeast
A
- S.cerevisiae: sac-like asci, buds for asexual reprod
- Schizosaccharomyces: fission
3
Q
S.cerevisiae life-cycle
A
- 2 α-mating type
- 2 a-mating type
- ascus breaks to release them
- conjugate when optimal environment (zygote)
- 4 haploid nuclei can form and form ascospores
4
Q
Complex ascomycetes
A
- dikaryotic hyphae when antheridium fuses with ascogonium
- karyogamy
- zygote, mitosis to form 8 haploid nuclei
- grouped together to form ascocarp or ascoma
5
Q
Apothecium (carp)
A
cup or saucer where hymenium is exposed at maturity
6
Q
Hymenium (carp)
A
fertile, bares the asci
7
Q
Paraphyses (carp)
A
sterile hyphae growing in between the asci
8
Q
Cleisthothecium (mata)
A
- closed at maturity
- unitunicate asci
- sometimes evanescent speherical asci
- sought after in truffles
9
Q
Perithecium (mata)
A
- ostiole where spores are released at maturity
- unitunicate-inoperculate asci arranged in hymenium
10
Q
Pseudothecium (mata)
A
- closed ascomata
- bitunicate asci
11
Q
Bitunicate ascus (mata)
A
- thin, rigid outer
- thick, elastic inner
- inner carries ascospores through the neck of the pseudothecium
12
Q
Neurospora crassa
A
experimental organism for fungal biochemistry and genetics
13
Q
Claviceps purpurea
A
- plant parasite on grain species
- forms sclerotia
- ergot
- LSD
14
Q
Ergotism
A
- gangrene
- hallucinations
- nerve spams
- abortion
- convulsions
15
Q
Human diseases
A
Candidiasis causes hystoplasmosis.
