Archaea Flashcards
1
Q
Polymers in cell wall
A
- Pseudomurein: N-acetyl-talosaminuronic acid
- chondroitin sulphate (Gram-pos)
- glycoprotein or protein (Gram-neg)
1
Q
Cell Membranes
A
ether-linked, branched isoprene derivatives
- polar lipids: phospholipids, Sulpholipids and glycolipids
- non-polar lipids: sqaulene derivatives
2
Q
Genetics and Molecular Biology
A
- chromosome can be smaller than bacteria
- G+C content varies between 21% and 68%
3
Q
Metabolism
A
glucose broken down by Embden-Meyerhof pathway
4
Q
Gluconeogenesis
A
reversed Embden-Meyerhof in halophyles and
methanogenes
5
Q
Pyruvate oxido-reductase
A
oxidize pyruvate to acetyl CoA
6
Q
Tricarboxylic acid cycle
A
halophyles and extreme thermophiles
7
Q
Phylum Thaumarcheota
A
- soil and watery environments
- mesophillic ammonia oxidizers
- NB in nitrogen cycle
8
Q
Thermophiles and methanogenes
A
- glycogen as reserve
- autotrophs
- CO2 fixed by reductive acetyl CoA path
9
Q
Phylum Crenarcheota
A
- thermophiles
- acidophiles
- sulfate: electron acceptor
- H2S: electron donor
- anaerobes
- geothermically heated water or hot soil containing sulfur
10
Q
Pyrodictium
A
- thermophiles
- hydrothermal vents in seabed
- 84-100C
11
Q
Sulpholobus
A
- Gram-negative
- aerobe
- 70-80C
- pH 2-3
- lithotrophic growth on sulphur granules
- oxygen is electron acceptor, ferric iron used also
- thermoacidophiles
12
Q
Thermoproteus
A
- anaerobic
- 70-95C
- pH 2.5-6.5
- chemolithotrophic, then using H2 and S
- CO and CO2 as carbon source
13
Q
Phylum Euryarcheota
A
- lower temperatures
- sulfur-dependent metabolisms
14
Q
Methanogens
A
- anaerobes
- energy through conversion of CO2, H2, acetate TO methane or methane and CO2
- methanogenesis
