Fungi 2

Question 1

What causes superficial mycoses?

Answer 1

-fungal growth on the superficial skin layer

Question 2

Are superficial mycoses thermal dimorphics?

Answer 2

NO0O

Question 3

What is the most common, and most minor mycoses?

Answer 3

Superficial mycoses

Question 4

What type of superficial mycoses infect only superficial keratinized structures?

Answer 4

Dermatophytosis

Question 5

What do dermatophytosises produce?

Answer 5

Keratinases.. Allows evasion of cornfield cell layer

Question 6

If a patient is infected with dermatophytosis, what are the symptoms called?

Answer 6

Tinea

• Tinea capitis - head
• tinea corporis - body
• tinea curis - jock itch
• tinea pedis - athletes foot

Question 7

How are superficial mycoses treated?

Answer 7

Need to treat all affected body sites simultaneously

-oral griseofulvin, topical azoles

Question 8

How is dermatophytosis transmitted?

Answer 8

-Fomites or autoinnoculation

Question 9

How would you diagnose a dermatophytosis infection?

Answer 9

-KOH mount and culture

Question 10

How would a patient become infected with a subcutaneous mycoses?

Answer 10

-introduced by trauma exposing subcutaneous tissue to soil or vegation

Question 11

Do subcutaneous mycoses spread?

Answer 11

Yes - they spread from trauma site toward trunk by lymphatics

Question 12

Are subcutaneous mycoses thermal dimorphic?

Answer 12

Yes

Question 13

What is a major factor in taking the history of someone you suspect of having a subcutaneous mycoses?

Answer 13

They’re infection was ineffectively treated with antibitoics (bacitracin)

Question 14

How would you treat a subcutaneous mycoses?

Answer 14

Oral azoles, and in more serious cases - amphotericin B and local surgery

Question 15

What type of infection is sporotrichosis?

Answer 15

A subcutaneous mycoses caused by sporothrix species

Question 16

How is sporotrichosis transmitted?

Answer 16

-Dimorphic fungi of vegetation that enters skin through small injuries - splinters, ROSE thorns

Question 17

What would a sporotrichosis infection appear as?

Answer 17

A painless ulcer at site which spreads up lymphatics over years

Question 18

If a COPD patient is infected with sportrichosis, what would be a complication of their infection?

Answer 18

-Pulmonary disease

Question 19

If a immunosuppressed patient is infected with sportrichosis, what would be a complication of their infection?

Answer 19

Disseminated, meningitis

Question 20

How would you diagnose a sporotrichosis infection?

Answer 20

Biopsy and culture at room temperature from pus

Question 21

what are systemic mycoses found?

Answer 21

spores/fungi in soil

Question 22

do systemic mycoses exhibit thermal dimorphism?

Answer 22

yes!

Question 23

can systemic mycoses be transmitted person to person?

Answer 23

NO

Question 24

how can you tell systemic mycoses from TB?

Answer 24

patient hx.
hx of working around dirt/construction
TB will be associated with travel to other countries

Question 25

what is an example of systemic mycoses?

Answer 25

coccidioides

Question 26

where is coccidioides endemic to?

Answer 26

south west US

Question 27

describe the symptoms of mild coccidioides infection

Answer 27

asymptomatic or flu like | clearance usually by innate immune system or clearance by CMI

Question 28

describe the symptoms of moderate coccidioides

Answer 28

valley fever/ desert rheumatism: pulmonary and erytromatic nodules

Question 29

describe the symptoms of severe coccidioides

Answer 29

pneumonia or dissemination (either bare or in macrophages)

Question 30

what are the risk factors for coccidioides

Answer 30

age, rage, preganancy, immunocompromised, occupational high exposure

Question 31

list the way to diagnose coccidioides

Answer 31

``` by exam hx PPD biopsy of spherules culture serology for dissemination ```

Question 32

how do you treat coccidioides if person is predisposed to complications?

Answer 32

oral azoles

Question 33

how do you treat coccidioides if person is predisposed to meningitis?

Answer 33

fluconazole

Question 34

how do you treat coccidioides if person is pregnant or disseminated?

Answer 34

amp B

Question 35

what is crytococcosis?

Answer 35

an envrinmental opportunistic mycoses that represses a host's inflammatory response

Question 36

how can crytococcosis present?

Answer 36

with meningitis, skin nodules or pulmonary symptoms

Question 37

how do you diagnose crytococcosis?

Answer 37

by biopsy, CSF, crag

Question 38

how do you treat crytococcosis infections?

Answer 38

combination of azoles and amp B

Question 39

Out of the 4 mycoses which exhibit dimorphism? Which exhibit thermal dimorphism

Answer 39

Opportunistic mycoses exhibit dimorphism Systemic and subcutaneous exhibit thermal dimorphism Note: superficial mycoses does NOT exhibit thermal dimorphism

Question 40

What fungi is in the normal flora and can be spread human to human ?

Answer 40

C. Albicans

Question 41

What fungi can cause granulomas ( seen in major systemic fungi Infections)

Answer 41

Coccidiomycosis- systemic fungi infection Histoplasmosis Blastomycosis

Question 42

What can you see when you grow fungi on a sabourad culture?

Answer 42

Mycelium (mat formation)

Question 43

What type of drug is amp B

Answer 43

Polyene

Question 44

What types of drugs are griseofulvin and flucytosine?

Answer 44

Azores

Question 45

If you inhale sporotrichosis what can it cause

Answer 45

Meningitis if person is immuno suppressed