Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Chemotherapy > Fungal II > Flashcards

Fungal II Flashcards

1
Q

What was 5-fluorocytosine initially used for?

A

Cancer treatment - 1957

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What takes up 5-FC into fungal cells?

A

Fungal specific cytosine permease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What converts 5-FC to 5-Fluorouracil?

A

Deaminase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What process does 5-FU interfere with?

A

Translation - incorporated into RNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is 5-FC active against?

A

Mainly yeasts - cryptococcus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is 5-FC not active against?

A

Aspergillis, candida krusei, histoplasma capsulate and most moulds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How is 5-FC administered?

A

IV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is 5-FC used in combination with?

A

Amphotericin B or Fluconazole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is 5-FC licensed for?

A

Use against systemic infections

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Is 5-FC water soluble?

A

Yes - gets into the CSF very quickly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What risk is there with too high level of serum 5-FU?

A

Depletion of bone marrow

May lead to high phenytoin levels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What drug prevents the degradation of 5-FU?

A

Brivudine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What can prevent the conversion of 5-FC?

A

Mutations in uracil phosphoribosyl transferase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What to polyenes include?

A

Amphotericin B and nystatin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How doe polyenes damage cells?

A

Increase cell permeability

They bind sterols and distort the membrane bilayers leading to leakage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How can amphotericin B cause damage?

A

Oxidative damage through auto-oxidation

17
Q

What does amphotericin B damage?

A

Yeasts and moulds

18
Q

What is resistant to amphotericin B?

A

Aspergillus and scedosporium spp.

19
Q

What is sensitive to nystatin?

A

Most yeasts

20
Q

What are the formulations of amphotericin B?

A

IV and lipid fornulation

21
Q

What are the formulations of nystatin?

A

Topical cream, too toxic for IV, not absorbed orally

22
Q

What can amphotericin B be used for?

A

empirical treatment of suspected infections

23
Q

What can nystatin be used for?

A

Oral and Vaginal candidosis

24
Q

How often and in which way is ambisome delivered?

A

IV and one daily

25
Q

How much of ambisome is protein bound?

A

95% - mainly unchanged

26
Q

What is the half life of ambisome?

A

24 hours

27
Q

How is ambisome eliminated?

A

43% in the bile and 21% in the urine

28
Q

Can ambisome cause nephrotoxicity?

A

Yes

29
Q

What are the drug interactions?

A

Nephrotoxic agents may induce neurotoxicity
Muscle relaxants - hypokalaemia
Corticosteroids - hypokalaemia
Flu cytosine - nephrotoxicity

30
Q

How do molecules become resistant?

A

Reduced levels of ergosterol content of membranes (mutations in ERG3 gene coding for sterol desaturase)

Chemotherapy (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions