Fundamentals, ch4 anatomical orientation & mechanics Flashcards
Anatomical Tools
parts of the body used as tools in therapeutic massage
Anterior or Ventral
front
Palmar or Volar
palms of hands
Transverse Plane
is anterior to posteror dividing the body into rows
proximal
toward the center
superior v inferior
above v below
Plantar
soles of the feet
sinistral v dextral
left v right
superficial v deep
near the surface of the body`v away from the surface
peripheral
around
contralateral
opposite side
Coronal or Frontal Plane
bisects anterior-posterior,
divides the body into front half and back half
MT
Tissue Deformation
Under force and in the presence of friction, if tissue will not move it will change shape
Methods
compression
static
ischemic
gliding
stroking
torsion (twisting)
kneading
rolling
pulling
wringing
fascial torquing
petrissage
shearing
friction
superficial
linear
circular
cross-fiber
muscle-layer separation
elongation
limb pulling
pin-and-stretch
traction
fascial spreading
cross-hand stretch
oscillating
percussive
static
movement of limb, digit, joint
hot-cold applications
Distal
end furthest from attachment
distal
away from
dorsal
back side
extension v flexion
backward bending v forward bending
external v internal
outside the body v inside the body
force
external effort causing object to change movement or shape
application techniques = elongating, gliding, kneading, pulling, pushing, twisting
vector considerations
point of application
magnitude (intensity) dependent upon force applied and friction resisting
direction
internal force is related to ANS processes, such as in digestion–the feeling of full stomach, cramping, etc
friction
force which impedes change of movement or shape
kimatics
branch of mechanics involving aspects of time, space, and mass in a moving system
Lateral
side, farthest from midline
biomechanics
principles and methods of mechanics applied to the structure and function of the body
Medial
at the midline
muscles, movement
abductor - moves away from midline
adductor - moves toward midline
extensor - straightens a part
flexor - bends a part
depressor - lowers a part
levitator - raises a part
tensor - tightens a part
quality of life
Essentials ch3 p91-93
an individuals perception of one’s position in terms of goals, expectations, standards, concerns, in context of culture and personal values
kinesiology
study of movement combining the fields of anatomy, physiology, physics, and geometry as it relates to human movement
Posterior or Dorsal
back
Pressure
amount of force applied
90 = perpendicular
45 = more horizontal
pressure = force v friction
Proximal
end to point of attachment
ipsilateral
same side
Saggital or Medial Plane
bisects left-right,
divides the body in half at the the vertical midline
adduction
movement toward midline
symphysis
place where 2 bones are fused or joined with an synarthroses joint
mechanics
branch of physics dealing with the study of forces and the motion produced
abduction
movement away from the midline
Tissue Load
application of force and presence of friction creates stress
strain = change in shape of tissue as a result of tissue stress
simple load = anatomic external force applied which has single direction
compression = two opposing forces moving towards one another resulting in change in shape to shorter, thicker
combine load = anatomic external foce applied which has multiple directions
tensile stress (tension) = two opposing forces moving in opposite direction, resulting in stretching
shear stress = two parallel forces moving in opposite direction, resulting in sliding
torsion is twisting shear stress
bedning is both compression on one side and tension on the other side
Transverse Plane
bisects upper-lower
motion
change in position with respect to some reference frame
kinetics
forces that cause movement in a system
appendicular body
limbs and parts thereof
axial body
head and trunk of body with parts thereof
